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Respiratory system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe the functions of the respiratory system. | Provides for the exchanges of gases - Oxygen and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the cells. Helps regulate pH balance of the blood and the air . Produces sound. |
| Briefly define respiration | Respiration is the exchange of gasses between the blood and the air. |
| Name the gas that plays a major role in the acid - base balance of the blood. | Carbon dioxide |
| If there is an abnormal increase of the carbon dioxide , it can lead to a dangerous condition of the blood. Name the condition. | Acidosis |
| What is the meaning of Asthma? | Muscular spasm of the bronchi causing difficulty in breathing. It may be caused by infections or allergy. |
| What is the meaning of Bronchitis? | Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the bronchial tubes. |
| What is the meaning of Cystic Fibrosis? | A Genetic endocrine disease causing an excess production of mucus. |
| Emphysema | A chronic inflammation of the alveoli and bronchioles. |
| Give the clinical correlation for Arterial Blood Gases | Evaluates the gas exchange in the lungs and acid-base balance . |
| Give the clinical correlation for PPD. | Skin test for tuberculosis using purified protein derivative (PPD) (Mantoux / Biocine) |
| What is the meaning of URTI? | Upper respiratory tract infection. |
| What is Laryngitis? | Inflammation of the Larynx. |
| What is ABG's? | Arterial blood gasses. |
| What is the meaning of ICU? | Intensive care unit. |
| What is the meaning of PO2. | Partial pressure of oxygen. |
| What is the meaning of PCO2. | Partial pressure of carbon dioxide. |
| What is the meaning of COAD? | Chronic obstructive airways disease. |
| What is the meaning of Tracheotomy? | Its an emergency surgical incision in the trachea to provide air |
| What is asphyxia? | Lack of oxygen. |
| What is cynosis? | Development of a blue skin colour . |
| Explain the difference between external and internal respiration | External respiration takes place between the lungs and the atmosphere, Internal respiration takes place between the blood and the cells. |
| Rhinitis | Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose |
| Chronic obstructive airways disease | Disease resulting from progressive irreversible damage to the lungs caused by inflammation or obstruction of the bronchi over a long period of time |
| Pleurisy | Inflammation of the pleural membrane |
| Infant respiratory distress syndrome | Condition caused by immature lungs in a premature baby. There is a lack of surfactant coating the alveoli which causes the alveoli to collapse |
| What is the clinical correlation for Throat swab for MC&S | Test done to assist in the diagnosis of ‘strep throat” |
| What is the clinical correlation for pleurocentesis | Invasive procedure to remove fluid from the pleural space for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes |
| PPD | Purified protein derivative |
| ARDS | Adult respiratory distress syndrome |
| O2 | Oxygen |
| Apnoea | Absence of breathing |
| What fluid coats the surface of the alveoli and prevents the thin wall from collapsing? | Surfactant |
| Hyperventilation is caused by: | The CO2 levels in the blood increase and the blood becomes more acidic, this causes hyperventilation |
| Pneumonia | Inflammation of the lungs |
| Tuberculosis | An infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria |
Created by:
cisca