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Ch B Chemistry
Discovering Atomos
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| chemisty | the science of the materials that make up the universe - what they are made of, how they interact, and how they change |
| substantia | Latin, "that which stands under" |
| matter | substance that has mass and takes up space |
| solid | has a definite shape and a definite volume |
| liquid | does not have a definite shape, but does have a definite volume |
| gas | does not have a shape or a definite volume; often but not always invisible |
| plasma | hot gas whose matter is broken into charged particles; exists in areas of extreme heat |
| atom | smallest piece of a substance that still has all of the properties of the substance; the smallest form of matter (which cannot be cut into different pieces) |
| atomos | Greek, "undividable" |
| element | a substance made of only one kind of atom |
| compound | a substance made up of two or more different elements, combined chemically, bound together in a constant ratio |
| mixture | two or more elements that are combined physically rather than chemically, each retaining their own chemical properties and able to be separated by physical means |
| protons | one of the principal particles of an atom; has a positive electric charge, and is found in the nucleus of an atom |
| neutrons | one of the principal particles in an atom; has no electric charge, and is found in the nucleus of an atom |
| electrons | the smallest significant particle in an atom; have a negative electric charge and orbit around the nucleus |
| quarks | a sub-atomic particle that makes up protons and neutrons |
| leptons | family of particles that experience no strong forces |
| nucleus | the central core of an atom; made of protons and neutrons; circled by the electrons |
| ions | atoms that are not electrically balanced |
| cations | positively charged ions |
| anions | negatively charged ions |
| atomic mass | measures how large an atom is |
| atomic mass units (amu) | total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| 1 H (1) | Hydrogen |
| 2 He (4) | Helium |
| 3 Li (7) | Lithium |
| 4 Be (9) | Beryllium |
| 5 B (11) | Boron |
| 6 C (12) | Carbon |
| 7 N (14) | Nitrogen |
| 8 O (16) | Oxygen |
| 9 F (19) | Fluroine |
| 10 Ne (20) | Neon |
| 11 Na (23) | Sodium |
| 12 Mg (24) | Magnesium |
Created by:
MrsHough
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