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Micro
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A stop codon | codes for no amino acid. |
| The 3' end of DNA | refers to the end that has a hydroxyl group attached to the number 3 carbon of deoxyribose AND attaches to the 5' phosphate group of the incoming nucleotide. |
| The set of genes in bacteria that are linked together and transcribed as a single unit is referred to as a(n) | operon |
| is preferentially used over lactose in E. coli as a result of catabolite repression AND levels are the inverse of cAMP levels. | glucose |
| Which molecule carries an anticodon? | tRNA |
| The DNA site to which the repressor protein binds is the | operator. |
| Quorum sensing 3-8-2013 | is used by bacteria to sense the density of cells. |
| move along the mRNA in a 5'-3' direction AND provide a platform which brings the amino acids into a favorable position for joining. | ribosomes |
| is an example of negative control AND is affected by catabolite repression. | The lac operon |
| Which of the following is/are true of DNA replication? | All of the choices are true. |
| Which may be or is an RNA molecule? | GGGCCCA AND GCCCUUA |
| are involved in negative control AND bind or do not bind to the operator depending on their shape (conformation). | Repressors |
| There are _____ codons to code for the 20 possible amino acids. | 61 |
| Bacteria use ______ attached TO the polymerase to direct RNA polymerase to promoters; eukaryotic cells use ______ that attach directly to the DNA first instead. | sigma factors; transcription factors |
| codes for methionine AND determines the reading frame. | AUG |
| The placement of the amino acid during translation is determined by the | complementarity of the codon-anticodon. |
| Which pairing is incorrect? | A:G |
| is necessary due to the properties of the enzymes and the antiparallel nature of DNA. | The lagging strand |
| is found on the 70S ribosome. | The A-site |
| uses short pieces of single stranded RNA to direct the degradation of specific RNA transcripts AND is a mechanism of genetic regulation found in eukaryotes. | RNAi |
| The two strands of DNA are bonded to one another by | hydrogen bonds. |
| Which is true about DNA replication? | All of the choices are correct. |
| Which is true about prokaryotic (bacterial) RNA polymerase? | All of the choices are true. |
| What structure is indicated by: 10A, 15T, 3G, 7C? | single-stranded DNA |
| is responsible for the release of the tRNA. | The E-site |
| are able to take up naked DNA, occur naturally AND can be created in the laboratory. | Competent cells |
| A clever technique that streamlines the identification of auxotrophic mutants is | replica plating. |
| Bacteria that have properties of both the donor and recipient cells are the result of | genetic recombination. |
| Which is not true about a crown gall tumor? | All of the choices are true. |
| Transposons | All of the choices are correct. |
| Planar molecules used as chemical mutagens are called | intercalating agents. |
| Which change in a gene's DNA sequence would have the least effect on the eventual amino acid sequence produced from it? | addition/deletion of 3 consecutive nucleotides |
| Chemical mutagens often act by altering the | hydrogen bonding properties of the nucleobase. |
| act during DNA synthesis AND often result in frame shift mutations. | Intercalating agents |
| Some bacteria have a higher incidence rate of thymine dimer mutations following exposure to UV light than others. What might be going on here to lead to this outcome? | They may simply have a higher proportion of T nucleotides next to each other in their DNA sequences than other bacteria, leading to more possible dimers being formed AND they may have a weaker expression of photoreactivation enzymes, leading to more thymi |
| Thymine dimers are dealt with by | photoreactivation repair AND excision repair. |
| The F plasmid carries the information for | the sex pilus. |
| Strong chemical mutagens may be used to treat cancer cells. Is this a good or bad idea? | Good and bad-they're very good at killing cancer cells, but depending on mode of administration, they could also be dangerous to non-cancerous cells. |
| The source of variation among microorganisms that were once identical is | mutation. |
| In conjugation, transformation, or transduction, the recipient bacteria is most likely to accept donor DNA | from the same species of bacteria. |
| In conjugation the donor cell is recognized by the presence of | an F plasmid. |
| cause single and double strand breaks in DNA molecules. | X-rays |
| To increase the proportion of mutants in a population of bacteria one may use | penicillin enrichment. |
| The mechanism by which genes are transferred into bacteria via viruses is called | transduction |
| The study of the crown gall tumor found | a bacterial plasmid promoter that was similar to plant promoters. |
| The Ames test is useful as a rapid screening test to identify those compounds that | are mutagens. |
| Segments of DNA capable of moving from one area in the DNA to another are called | transposons. |
| Irradiation of cells with ultraviolet light may cause | thymine dimers. |
| The diploid character of eukaryotic cells may mask the appearance of a mutation since | the matching chromosome may carry the dominant gene. |
Created by:
leah_boiardi