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wrong bus and soc 1
bus and soc 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| _________ students may need more ethics training because research has found that they rank lower in moral reasoning than other students. a) philosophy b) political science c) business d) medicine | c) business |
| Ethical behavior can be influenced by: a) an individual’s religion b) an organization’s culture c) ethical training d) an individual’s personality e) all of the above | e) all of the above |
| According to the authors, ethical behavior is defined as: a) a set of moral principles or values that guide an individual b) rules of behavior set by the Federal government c) principles, norms, and standards agreed upon by society | c) principles, norms, and standards agreed upon by society |
| Which of the following statements is true? a) “Bad apples” are just a few individuals who spoil it for the rest of us. b) Employees’ good behavior can be spoiled by a “bad barrel.” | b) Employees’ good behavior can be spoiled by a “bad barrel.” |
| In this book, the authors focus on _____________ factors because ____________: a) individual; these factors are the main determinant of unethical behavior b) organization; these factors can be directly controlled by managers | b) organization; these factors can be directly controlled by managers |
| According to a national opinion survey, identify the goal that employees did not rank in the top five? a) Honest company communications b) Good pay c) Respectful treatment d) Ethical corporate behavior | b) Good pay |
| The ___________ approach to ethical decision making focuses on how people actually make ethical decisions. ok a) prescriptive b) descriptive c) illustrative d) regulatory | b) descriptive |
| The ___________ approach to ethical decision making focuses on what decision an individual should make. ok a) prescriptive b) descriptive c) illustrative d) regulatory | a) prescriptive |
| The prescriptive approach is to ____________ as the descriptive approach is to _____________. ok a) psychology; philosophy b) philosophy; psychology c) would; does d) none of the above | b) philosophy; psychology |
| The ___________ states that an ethical decision should maximize benefits to society and minimize harms. ok a) principle of value b) theory of cost-benefit analysis c) principle of efficacy d) principle of utility | d) principle of utility |
| The __________ challenges one to ask, “how would you feel if your behavior appeared in The Wall Street Journal?” ok a) veil of ignorance b) categorical imperative c) disclosure rule d) confession constraint | c) disclosure rule |
| Focuses on doing what is “right” based on broad, absolute and universal moral principles or values a) Deontological approach b) Teleological (or Consequential) approach c) Virtue ethics approach | a) Deontological approach |
| “What kind of world would this be if everyone behaved this way or made this kind of decision in this type of situation?” a) Deontological approach b) Teleological (or Consequential) approach c) Virtue ethics approach | a) Deontological approach |
| Focuses on the integrity of the moral actor. a) Deontological approach b) Teleological (or Consequential) approach | c) Virtue ethics approach |
| The______________ approach best known as consequentialist theory is Utilitarianism. a) Deontological approach b) Teleological (or Consequential) approach c) Virtue ethics approach | b) Teleological (or Consequential) approach |
| For example, followers of this approach would rely on Western biblical tradition or moral intuition for guidance. a) Deontological approach b) Teleological (or Consequential) approach c) Virtue ethics approach | a) Deontological approach |
| A philosophical tradition that began with Aristotle and primarily considers the actor’s character, motivations, and intentions. a) Deontological approach b) Teleological (or Consequential) approach c) Virtue ethics approach | c) Virtue ethics approach |
| Focuses on the results or consequences of the decision or action. a) Deontological approach b) Teleological (or Consequential) approach c) Virtue ethics approach | b) Teleological (or Consequential) approach |
| This approach that stresses community standards is limited in business because in many areas of business there is limited agreement about what the standards are. | Virtue ethics approach |
| An individual’s principles may be in conflict with what is best and causes the least amount of harm to another individual. For example, an individual who believes that they should not lie would be conflicted about telling the Nazi’s about jews in hiding | Deontological approach |
| It is difficult to obtain the information required to evaluate all of the consequences for all indirect and direct stakeholders. a) Deontological approach b) Teleological approach c) Virtue ethics approach | b) Teleological approach |
| The rights of a minority group can easily be sacrificed for the benefit of the majority (for example, slavery in the United States). a) Deontological approach b) Teleological approach c) Virtue ethics approach | b) Teleological approach |
| A major challenge is deciding which duty, obligation, right, or principle takes precedence. a) Deontological approach b) Teleological approach c) Virtue ethics approach | a) Deontological approach |
| Focused on interpersonal trust and social approval. Reference: Matching Kohlberg’s Levels of Moral Reasoning a) Stage 1 b) Stage 2 c) Stage 3 d) Stage 4 e) Stage 5 f) Stage 6 | c) Stage 3 |
| Focused on avoiding punishment. Reference: Matching Kohlberg’s Levels of Moral Reasoning a) Stage 1 b) Stage 2 c) Stage 3 d) Stage 4 e) Stage 5 f) Stage 6 | a) Stage 1 |
| Focused on following the rules or laws that are designed to promote the common good. Reference: Matching Kohlberg’s Levels of Moral Reasoning a) Stage 1 b) Stage 2 c) Stage 3 d) Stage 4 e) Stage 5 f) Stage 6 | d) Stage 4 |
| “You scratch my back, I’ll scratch yours.” Reference: Matching Kohlberg’s Levels of Moral Reasoning a) Stage 1 b) Stage 2 c) Stage 3 d) Stage 4 e) Stage 5 f) Stage 6 | b) Stage 2 |
| Considers the possibility of changing the law for socially useful purposes. Reference: Matching Kohlberg’s Levels of Moral Reasoning a) Stage 1 b) Stage 2 c) Stage 3 d) Stage 4 e) Stage 5 f) Stage 6 | e) Stage 5 |
| Tendency to underestimate risks because of the belief that we are in charge of what happens. Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions a) confirmation bias b) illusion of optimism c) illusion of control d) illusion of superiority | c) illusion of control |
| Unconscious distortion of information in order to maintain a positive self-image. Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions a) confirmation bias b) illusion of optimism c) illusion of control d) illusion of superiority | d) illusion of superiority |
| Tendency to attend to the information that endorses the decision we prefer. Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions a) confirmation bias b) illusion of optimism c) illusion of control d) illusion of superiority | a) confirmation bias |
| Tendency to overestimate the likelihood of good future events. Reference: Matching Key Terms and Definitions a) confirmation bias b) illusion of optimism c) illusion of control d) illusion of superiority | b) illusion of optimism |
| Which of the following is false? a) Lawrence Kohlberg developed the cognitive moral development theory by studying male adult behavior. b) The cognitive moral development theory focuses primarily on how people decide what course of action | a) Lawrence Kohlberg developed the cognitive moral development theory by studying male adult behavior. |
| According to cognitive moral development theory, individuals move to a higher reasoning stag: a) Every time they encounter a more difficult ethical dilemma. b) When there is a contradiction between his or her current moral reasoning stage and the next h | b) When there is a contradiction between his or her current moral reasoning stage and the next h |
| Most adults are at the ____________ level of cognitive moral development and their action is ____________. a) Conventional; based on avoidance of punishment. b) Conventional; based on what others think, say, and do. c) Postconventional; based on the | b) Conventional; based on what others think, say, and do. |
| Which of the following is false? a) Moral reasoning can be increased through training. b) A more-principled individual is less likely to cheat. C) Employee satisfaction and commitment are not related to the leader’s moral development. | C) Employee satisfaction and commitment are not related to the leader’s moral development. |
| Sally attributes her success at work to luck. Sally is characterized by: a) high internal locus of control b) high external locus of control c) Stage 2 moral reasoning d) Stage 4 moral reasoning | b) high external locus of control |
| Which of the following is true? a) People’s locus of control is relatively stable, but can change over time. b) People are born with a particular locus of control. c) People are either internal or external. Locus of control is not a continuum. | a) People’s locus of control is relatively stable, but can change over time. |
| Those with higher __________ are more likely to avoid pressure to violate social norms because _____________. a) internal locus of control; they typically act b) internal locus of control; they believe they are in charge of their own fate. | b) internal locus of control; they believe they are in charge of their own fate. |
| Which of the following is true? a) Cognitive biases are the result of trying to reduce uncertainty and simplify the world. b) Cognitive biases are an individual difference and do not affect all human beings in the same way. | a) Cognitive biases are the result of trying to reduce uncertainty and simplify the world. |
| Accepting a bribe. Reference: Matching Ethical Type to Example a) Human resource issue b) Conflict of interest c) Customer confidence issue d) Use of corporate resources | b) Conflict of interest |
| Discriminating against an employee. Reference: Matching Ethical Type to Example a) Human resource issue b) Conflict of interest c) Customer confidence issue d) Use of corporate resources | a) Human resource issue |
| A product is unsafe for human consumption. Reference: Matching Ethical Type to Example a) Human resource issue b) Conflict of interest c) Customer confidence issue d) Use of corporate resources | c) Customer confidence issue |
| Providing a personal reference on corporate letterhead. Reference: Matching Ethical Type to Example a) Human resource issue b) Conflict of interest c) Customer confidence issue d) Use of corporate resources | d) Use of corporate resources |
| “How people get along.” Reference: Matching Ethical Type to Example a) Human resource issue b) Conflict of interest c) Customer confidence issue d) Use of corporate resources | a) Human resource issue |
| Honestly representing a product in a sales pitch Reference: Matching Ethical Type to Example a) Human resource issue b) Conflict of interest c) Customer confidence issue d) Use of corporate resources | c) Customer confidence issue |
| Keeping a customer’s information private. Reference: Matching Ethical Type to Example a) Human resource issue b) Conflict of interest c) Customer confidence issue d) Use of corporate resources | c) Customer confidence issue |
| Sending personal mail through the company mail room Reference: Matching Ethical Type to Example a) Human resource issue b) Conflict of interest c) Customer confidence issue d) Use of corporate resources | d) Use of corporate resources |
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anonymou