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190. Which of the following layers of the earth is unique among the terrestrial planets?
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191. What is true of spring tides?
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Astronomy
Test 2 (190-253)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 190. Which of the following layers of the earth is unique among the terrestrial planets? | hydrosphere |
| 191. What is true of spring tides? | The difference between low and high tides would be greatest. |
| 192. The relative size of the atmosphere layer as compared to the solid part of Earth is most similar to | the skin of a grape as compared to the meat of the grape. |
| 193. The crust of the Earth is covered by about ________ water in the hydrosphere. | 70% |
| 194. Which of these gases are outgassed from our volcanic eruptions? | water vapor, methane, carbon dioxide. |
| 195. What is the hole in the ozone layer is thought to be caused by? | CFCs |
| 196. Which of these is not a product of plate tectonics and hot spots? | the Grand Canyon's eroded depths |
| 197. What gas is the primary constituent of our atmosphere? | nitrogen |
| 198. Why is the sky blue? | the atmosphere scatters the light from the Sun |
| 199. The relative size of the mantle of Earth compared to the solid inner core of Earth is most similar to | the meat of a cherry as compared to the pit of the cherry. |
| 200. Above about 100 km, the high-energy portion of the Sun's radiation spectrum breaks down molecules into atoms. What is this part of Earth's atmosphere called? | the ionosphere |
| 201. How is the existence of Earth's unique atmosphere explained? | the oxygen in Earth's atmosphere is a result of early life on Earth |
| 202. Seismic waves are most useful for mapping: | the Earth's core and mantle. |
| 203. Which statement about seismic waves is FALSE? | Only P waves can be detected in the shadow zone. |
| 204. The relative size of the mantle of Earth compared to the solid inner core of Earth is most similar to | the meat of a cherry as compared to the pit of the cherry. |
| 205. Seismic waves are most useful for mapping: | the Earth's core and mantle. |
| 206. What is true of spring tides? | The difference between low and high tides would be greatest. |
| 207. Within Earth's atmosphere, in which layer does convection occur? | the troposphere |
| 208. From the center outward, the correct order is: | solid metallic inner core, molten metal outer core, silicate mantle and crust. |
| 209. The region around Earth where the magnetic field traps charged particles is the: | Van Allen Radiation Belts. |
| 210. Earth's magnetic field: | prevents charged particles in the solar wind from reaching the surface. |
| 211. What gas is the primary constituent of our atmosphere? | nitrogen |
| 212. Compared to the density of water, our Earth averages: | about 5 times denser, like the Mercury and Venus. |
| 213. The oldest rocks on our crust are radioactively dated at about: | four billion years old. |
| 214. In what scenario is the blue component of incoming sunlight is scattered much more than any other color component? | when the sun is high in the sky |
| 215. Why is the sky blue? | the atmosphere scatters the light from the Sun |
| 216. Which statement about seismic waves is true? | P waves travel faster, and thus arrive sooner than do the S waves. |
| 217. Which of the following layers of the earth is unique among the terrestrial planets? | hydrosphere |
| 218. Which major atmospheric component is chiefly a product of life processes? | oxygen |
| 219. Clouds form primarily at the boundary between | the troposphere and the stratosphere. |
| 220. Which parts of the Sun's radiation are responsible for heating Earth's surface? | the visible and the infrared |
| 221. Within Earth's atmosphere the ozone layer is located | in the stratosphere. |
| 222. The crust of the Earth is covered by about ________ water in the hydrosphere. | 70% |
| 223. What is the best description of the Earth's rotation over its entire history? | It has slowed down very gradually at about .0015 seconds per century. |
| 224. Which are places on Earth where convection is operating on a grand scale, creating conditions important to life on Earth? | in the troposphere, such as a summer thunderstorm; at the thermal vents in the rift valleys; in the mantle; in hot springs like Old Faithful; All of the above are good examples. |
| 225. The relative size of the atmosphere layer as compared to the solid part of Earth is most similar to | the skin of a grape as compared to the meat of the grape. |
| 226. At what phase are the tides least noticeable? | third quarter |
| 227. Which body has the greatest gravitational pull on Earth? | the Sun |
| 228. When strong solar winds are displaced poleward by our magnetic fields, we get: | intense auroral displays. |
| 229. How is the existence of Earth's unique atmosphere explained? | the oxygen in Earth's atmosphere is a result of early life on Earth |
| 230. What is the percentage of Earth's atmosphere (by volume) that is carbon dioxide (CO2)? | 0.03 |
| 231. The critical part of the atmosphere for protecting life on the ground from excessive ultraviolet radiation is the: | ozone layer. |
| 232. When water vapor condenses out at the cool tops of convection cells, what happens? | clouds form |
| 234. The principal greenhouse gases in our present atmosphere are: | water vapor and carbon dioxide. |
| 235. What is the process that physically transfers heat from a lower (hotter) to a higher (cooler) level? | convection |
| 236. What can we conclude about the structure of Earth's interior knowing that the average density of Earth is higher than the average density of the rock on the continents and seafloor? | that Earth's most dense material must be beneath the surface |
| 237. Almost all of our atmospheric gases lie in the: | troposphere. |
| 238. Above about 100 km, the high-energy portion of the Sun's radiation spectrum breaks down molecules into atoms. What is this part of Earth's atmosphere called? | the ionosphere |
| 239. We determine the structure of the Earth's core using | seismic wave data. |
| 240. What event triggered the dramatic increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration seen over the last couple of centuries? | The Industrial Revolution |
| 241. Like other solid bodies in the solar system, Earth's surface was kept molten by | bombardment by small bodies. |
| 242. Which statement about seismic waves is FALSE? | Only P waves can be detected in the shadow zone. |
| 243. The Greenhouse Effect works by trapping | outgoing infrared radiation from the Earth. |
| 244. A region where a denser basaltic plate is subducted under a continental one is: | the Nazca Trench. |
| 245. Which of these gases are outgassed from our volcanic eruptions? | water vapor, methane, carbon dioxide. |
| 246. The presence of a magnetic field is a good indication that: | we have a liquid metal outer core, spinning rapidly as we rotate. |
| 247. Without the greenhouse effect operating in our atmosphere, | Earth would have an average temperature of -23 degrees Celsius. |
| 248. At what phase would tidal variation be the least during the entire day? | first quarter |
| 249. When two tectonic plates collide: | they continue moving, producing a variety of large deformations. |
| 250. Which of these is not a product of plate tectonics and hot spots? | the Grand Canyon's eroded depths |
| 251. In noting that our world is "differentiated," we mean that: | the iron and nickel core is denser than the silicate mantle and crust. |
| 252. In what part of our atmosphere do we live? | troposphere |
| 253. The Dynamo Theory holds that: | magnetic fields are generated by rapidly spinning, fluid magnetic interiors. |
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