Question 1

the integumentary system is composed of the skin and a number of derivatives such as hair, nails, and

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glands

Question 2

the largest organ of the body is the

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skin

Question 3

of the total body weight, the skin accounts for a percentage of approximately

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15%

Question 4

the skin protects the body from fluid loss or gain and serves as a barrier to

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microorganisms

Question 5

Water-soluble substances may not enter the body because the skin contains a waterproof protein known as

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keratin

Question 6

at the foundation of the epidermis, a barrier of protection is provided by the

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basement membrane

Question 7

the pigment  formed in the skin is called

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melanin

Question 8

skin pigments protect the body against radiation from sunlight called

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ultraviolet rays

Question 9

the pigments are synthesized by special cells called

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melanocytes

Question 10

when the body cannot produce the skin pigment pigment melanin, the condition that results is called

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albinism

Question 11

heat is lost at the body surface in sweat during the process of

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evaporation

Question 12

the skin conserves heat by reducing its secretions of sweat and by constricting its

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blood vessels

Question 13

glands in the skin release water and fatty substances in the process of

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sweat

Question 14

ultraviolet radiation from the sun brings about the synthesis in the skin of vitamin

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D

Question 15

Among the vitamins absorbed in the skin, when applied to the surface, are the fat-soluble vitamins E, K, and

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A

Question 16

The skin tissue absorbs certain steroid hormones released by the skin's

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glands

Question 17

environmental stimuli are received by specialized skin

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receptors

Question 18

the skin detects sensation such as pressure, touch, temperature, and

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pain

Question 19

the epidermis and dermis fit together in the skin in a configuration that is somewhat

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wavy

Question 20

the dermis in the inner, thicker layer of the skin, while the epidermis is the outer

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thin layer

Question 21

the loose subcutaneous layer of fat-rich tissue beneath the dermis is the

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hypodermis

Question 22

The layer of cells within the epidermis are also referred to as

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strata

Question 23

the epidermis is composed of

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stratified squamous epithelium

Question 24

the skin of thin epidermis has layers that number

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four

Question 25

the skin of thick epidermis has layers that number

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five

Question 26

the innermost layer of epidermis lying on the basement membrane atop the dermis is the

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stratum basale

Question 27

another name for the stratum germinativum is

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stratum basale

Question 28

the cells synthesizing melanin are the melanocytes, which may be found in the epidermal layer called the

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stratum basale

Question 29

the predominant epidermal cells are the

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keratinocytes

Question 30

the protein keratin is produced by epidermal cells known as

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keratinocytes

Question 31

the epidermal cell layer lying atop the stratum basale is the

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stratum spinosum

Question 32

cells called epidermal dendritic cells provide the immune system functions and are located in the

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stratum basale

Question 33

in thick skin, closely packed cells and dead keratinocytes are found within the layer of epidermis known as the

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stratum lucidum

Question 34

keratohyalin eventually forms keratin, but an intermediary in the process is the transparent substance

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eleidin

Question 35

at the body surface, the uppermost layer of the epidermis is the

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stratum corneum

Question 36

the cells in the uppermost layer of epidermis are rich in the waterproofing substance called

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keratin

Question 37

the keratinocytes of the stratum corneum are connected to one another by junctions called

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desmosomes

Question 38

most cells of the stratum corneum are ultimately derived from cells produced in the lower layer called the

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stratum basale

Question 39

in response to friction, the stratum corneum is thickened by the process of

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hyperkeratosis

Question 40

the cells of the epidermis receive their nourishment from blood vessels found in the

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dermis

Question 41

the epidermis borders ridges from the dermis that help anchor the two layers together and are called

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dermal papillae

Question 42

the layer of the dermis containing fat cells, sweat glands, and blood vessels is the

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reticular layer

Question 43

the papillary layer of the dermis consists of connective tissue that is loose or

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areolar

Question 44

most skin sensory receptors are found in the

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dermis

Question 45

the two major structures of the hair fiber are the shaft and the

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root

Question 46

nerve endings are associated with each  hair together with a sebaceous gland and a muscle known as

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arrector pili muscle

Question 47

the nail is a protective plate consisting of the protein

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keratin

Question 48

at its proximal end, the nail is covered partially by a piece of tissue called the

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cuticle

Question 49

the most numerous skin glands are the sweat glands, also known as

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suboriferous glands

Question 50

the ear canal contains wax-producing glands known as

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ceruminous glands

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