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Stats Ch 12
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Random Phenomena | When we know the possible outcomes, but not which particular values will happen. |
Law of Large Numbers | Long-run relative frequency of repeated independent events gets closer to the true relative frequency as the number of trials increases. |
Theoretical Probability | Using knowledge about a situation, some logical reasoning, and/or known formula to model the probability of an event happening. |
Empirical Probability | The ratio of the number of times A occurs to the total number of trials. |
Independent | Events where the outcome of one trial does not affect the outcome of other trials. |
Trial | A single attempt or realization of a random phenomenon. |
Outcome | The result of a single trial. |
Event | The set of outcomes to which a probability is assigned. |
Sample Space | The collection of all possible outcomes. |
Fundamental Counting Theorem | If event A has m outcomes and independent event B has n outcomes, then A or B = m + n and A and B = mn. |
Equally Likely Condition | The outcomes in a sample space, whether listed or counted, are all equally likely to occur. |
Permutation | The number of ways to arrange any r items from a group of n different items calculated by n!/(n-r)!. |
Combination | The number of ways to select any r items from a group of n different items calculated by n!/(r!(n-r)!). |