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Unit 1 Genetics

Key Vocabulary Words

TermDefinition
DNA The genetic makeup of all organisms (blueprint)
Gene A section of DNA on a chromosome, that controls traits and how living things grow and change
Chromosomes Structures inside of the nucleus that contain genetic material.
Trait A characteristic, such as eye color that is controlled by genes
Dominant Describes a trait that covers up another trait. (stronger)
Recessive Describes a trait that is covered or hidden by another. (weaker)
Offspring Life created from reproduction
Mutation A mistake or change in DNA that can not be fixed.
Asexual Reproduction Reproduction that involves 1 parent and creates identical offspring.
Clone An organism that is genetically identical to the individual from which it was derived.
egg and sperm female and male sex cells.
fertilization joining of the egg and sperm.
genetic engineering when humans change the DNA of an organism.
genetics the study of how traits are inherited.
hybrid Having 2 DIFFERENT genes for a trait.
inheritance the genetic traits passed on from parents to offspring.
pedigree chart a chart used to track a specific trait through several generations.
Punnett Square a tool used to predict the probability of certain traits in an offspring.
pure having an IDENTICAL (same) pair of genes for a given trait.
selective breeding mating 2 organisms with the goal of creating desirable (wanted) traits.
sexual reproduction reproduction in which 2 sex cells form a zygote. Creates genetically different offspring.
zygote a fertilized egg.
Created by: rhk9teacher
 

 



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