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What were the three roots of medieval culture in western europe?
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The gradual decline of the Roman Empire ushered in an era of European history called the
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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What were the three roots of medieval culture in western europe? | 1. the classical heritage of Rome 2. the beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church 3. the customs of various German tribe |
| The gradual decline of the Roman Empire ushered in an era of European history called the | The gradual decline of the Roman Empire ushered in an era of European history called the |
| What are three ways that civilization in western europe declined after the Roman Empire fell? | 1. Invasions 2. decline of learning 3. Loss of a common language |
| In the Roman province of Gaul, a Germanic people called the _________ held power. | Franks |
| Who was Clovis and what did he do? | the leader of the Franks who would bring Christianity to the region. |
| What was the most important event in the unification of the Germanic tribes | adopting christians |
| What was the most important achievement of Pope Gregory I? | He broadened the role of the pope beyond his spiritual role, under Gregory I the papacy also became secular. The pope now has power beyond religious, he or has worldly power, power in politics |
| How was the relationship between a Frankish king and the pope beneficial to both? | On behalf of the pope, Pepin agreed to fight the Lombards, who had invaded italy and threatened Rome, inexchange, the pope appointed Pepin "king by the grace of god" Thus begun the Carolingian Dynasty, the family that would rule the Franks from 751-987 |
| Why was Charles Martel's victory at the Battle of Tours so important for Christianity? | If the Muslims had won, western Europe might have become part of the Muslim Empire. |
| What was the main reason feudalism developed? | Treaty of Verdun broke up the kingdom. Political turmoil and constant turmoil led to feudalism. Invaders attacked, the king could not protect them so they turned to local leaders who could fight the invaders. |
| What groups invaded Europe in the 800's? | the Vikings from the north, the Magyars and Muslims from the East and South |
| feudal system | A political and social system based on the granting of land in exchange for loyalty, military assistance, and other services |
| What is a Lord | Landowner |
| What is a feif | the land that was granted |
| What is a vassal | the person receiving the land grant |
| What is a knight | mounted horsemen who pledged to defend their lord's land in exchange for fiefs. |
| What is a serfs | peasants who could not lawfully leave the place they were born |
| What is a manor | the lord's estate |
| What is a tithe | church tax which equaled one-tenth of their income |
| What obligations did a peasant have to the lord of the manor? | All peasants, weather free or serf, owed the lord certain duties. These included at least a few days of labor each week a certain portion of their grain, taxes on all the grain ground at the lords mill, a tax on marriage and a tithe, |
| What were the three social classes of the feudal system? | 1. Those who fought - nobles and knights 2. Those who prayed - men and women of the church 3. Those who worked - the peasants How were the Vikings |
| How were the Vikings different from earlier Germanic groups that invaded Europe? | They carried out their raids with terrifying speed and then moved out to sea again. |
| How was a manor largely self-sufficient both militarily and economically during the early Middle Ages? | The manor system rested on a set of rights and obligations between the lord and his serfs. The lord provided the serfs with housing, farmland and protection from bandits. In return the surfs tended the lord's land, |
| What benefits do you think a medieval manor provided to the serfs who lived their? | privilege of living on the land. Serfs accepted their lot in life as part of the Church's teachings. They believed that God determined a person's place in society. |
| What is chivalry | A code of behavior that demanded a knight fight bravely in defense of his three masters, his earthly lord(land owner), heavenly Lord(God), and his chosen lady. The ideal knight was loyal, brave and courteous. |
| What are tournaments | mock battles that young knights took part in. |
| What are troubadours | traveling poet-musicians |
| Which ideas associated with chivalry have remnants in todays society? | Men today should be loyal, brave and courteous. |
| What are two inventions from Asia that changed the technology of warfare in western Europe? | Leather saddles and stirrups. The saddle kept the warrior firmly in place and the stirrups enables him to ride and handle heavier weapons. |
| Who were the occupants of the castle? | Lord, Lady, their family, knights and other men-at-arms, and the servants |
| What were some of the themes of medieval literature? | Many stories idealized castle life. They glorified knighthood and chivalry, tournaments and real battles. Songs and poems about a knights undying love for a lady were also very popular. Epic Poetry recounted a hero's deeds and adventures |
| How important a role did knights play in the feudal system? | Very important they had to protect their Lords land and family. |
| How was the code of chivalry like the idea of romantic love? | bravery |
| In what ways were the lives of a noblewoman and a peasant woman the same? different? | both controlled by men. Noblewoman activities at home and religion. Peasant woman works hard labor. |
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