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phases of matter
basic vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| solid | matter that has a definite shape and a definite volume. definite crystalline arrangement. |
| vapor | a gaseous state of a substance that is normally a liquid at room temperature |
| vaporization | at constant temperature, it is a process in which particles in the liquid phase gain enough energy to break away into the gaseous phase. also known as boiling reverse of condensation |
| sublimation | the process in which a solid changes directly into a gas; a phase skipper reverse of deposition |
| liquid | a phase of matter having a definite volume but not definate shape...takes the shape of its container ( a shape shifter) |
| HEAT OF FUSION | amount of heat needed to convert a unit mass of a substance from a solid to its liquid at its melting point. |
| HEAT OF VAPORIZATION | THE AMOUNT OF HEAT NEEDED TO CONVERT A UNIT MASS OF A SUBSTANCE FROM A LIQUID TO A VAPOR AT ITS BOILING POINT |
| exothermic | a chemical reaction that releases heat, producing products with less potential energy then the reatants |
| freezing point | the constant temperature process in which both the solid and liquid phase existt in equilibrium, the same temperature as the substance's melting point |
| endothermic | a chemical reaction that absorbs heat, producing products with more potential energy then the reactants |
| deposition | the process in which a gas changes directly into a solid. the reverse of sublimation |
| condensation | an exothermic process which a vapor or gas changes into the liquid phase, the potential energy of a substance decreases during this constant temperature process the reverse of vaporization |
| boiling point | the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure |
| specific heat capacity | the heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount (usually one degree). |
| gas | an airl ike fluid substance which expands freely to fill any space available, irrespective of its quantity. |
| Force of attraction | a force that draws an object close due to its attraction. same as inter-molecular force (IMF) |
| Kinetic energy | energy that a body possesses by virtue of being in motion. |
| Potential energy | the energy possessed by a body by virtue of its position relative to others, energy at rest |
| solid | regular repeating geometric pattern |
| IMF | inter molecular forces |
| force | attraction between molecules |
| bond | is between atoms |
| calorimetry | the science of measuring the change in heat that comes from a chemical reaction |
| enthalpy | a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the total heat content of a system |
Created by:
annpaige
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