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Cellular Respiration
What Should I Know About Repsiration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| - What is calorie? | Amount of heat it takes to raise 1 gram water celsius |
| What is Calorie? | Unit for measuring energy in food. |
| ___ calories= 1 Calorie. Which of these is sued to measure energy in food? _______ | 1,000; Calorie |
| What is the chemical formula for cellular respiration? | C6H12O6 + 6O2 -------> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy |
| How does this equation compare to the equation for photosynthesis? | They're the same, just opposites. |
| What are the reactants of cellular respiration? What are the products? | C6H12O6 + 6O2 -------> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy Bold= Reactants Underline = Products |
| What does aerobic mean? | Has/includes oxygen |
| What does anaerobic mean? | Lack/no oxygen |
| What molecule is the main carbohydrate fuel molecule burned by all living things? | Glucose |
| How do animals store their sugar for late? | Glycogen |
| How do plants store their sugar for later? | Starch |
| Which backup molecules are burned for energy during long term exercise when glucose is used up? | Glycogen |
| Which TWO high energy electron carriers are used in respiration? | NAD+ and FAD |
| How are these different from the carrier you learned about for photosynthesis? | In the process of photosynthesis, the plants uses NADH+ |
| What needs to be added to make glycolysis happen? | You need to add 2 ATP |
| What is the NET GAIN of ATP's during glycolysis? | Net gain of 2 ATP's and 2 NADH |
| What happens to pyruvate/pyruvic acid if there is no oxygen? | Without oxygen: Fermentation |
| What are the 2 kinds of fermentation? What are the organisms that would use these? | Alcoholic: Yeast (For bread, beer, and wine) Lactic: Bacteria (For Yogurt, cheese, etc.) |
| Which kind of fermentation can human cells do? | Lactic acid fermentation |
| Give the equation for the 2 kinds of fermentation. | Lactic Acid: Pyruvic acid + NADH --> Lactic Acid + NAD+ Alcoholic: Pyruvic acid + NADH --> Alcohol + CO2 + NAD+ |
| Why do cells use fermentation? | So cells can regenerate the NAD+ needed to keep glycolysis going. |
| Which pathways require oxygen & which doesn't? Without O2= With O2= | Without Oxygen = Fermentation and Glycolysis With Oxygen= Krebs cycle and ETC |
| Which molecule forms when glucose is broken in half? | Pyruvic Acid |
| What happens to pyruvate/pyruvic acid if there IS oxygen available? | It would go into the mitochondria, then Krebs cycle |
| What molecule acts as a helper to allow the carbons from pyruvate to enter the Krebs cycle? | Co-enzyme A picks up carbons from pyruvic acid and then becomes acetyl-CoA |
| Which molecule forms first when acetyl-CoA passes carbons into the Krebs cycle? | Citric Acid |
| What is the other name for Krebs cycle? | Citric Acid Cycle |
| What happens to Coenzyme A after it has dropped off its carbons into the Krebs cycle? | It would go and pick up another carbon from another pyruvic acid |
| What are the products of the Krebs cycle? | 6CO2, 2 ATP, 2 FADH2, and 8 NADH |
| What happens to CO2 produced during the Krebs cycle? | Released into the atmosphere |
| What happens to the NADH's and FADH2's produced during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle? | Drop their electron in ETC an FAD, carriers are regenerated and used again in glycolysis and Krebs cycle |
| Where do the electrons moving down the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) come from in the cellular respiration? | NADH and FADH2 |
| Compare the number of ATP's made by NADH and FADH2 | NADH= 3 ATP's FADH2= 2 ATP's |
| Why does NADH produce more ATP than FADH2? | Because it is located at the beginning while electrons from FADH2 come in father down the chain |
| What is the final electron acceptor at the end of Electron Transport? | Oxygen |
| The ETC uses the energy of the electrons passing down the line to do what? | To pump hydrogen ions into the intermembrane space |
| What molecule forms when oxygen collects the electrons at the end of ETC? | Water |
| Where do H+ ions build up as ETC passes electrons down the line? | Intermemebrane space |
| Which ion passes through ATP synthase to provide energy to make ATP? | H+ makes ATP synthase to spin and provide energy to make ATP. ADP + P + energy ---> ATP |
| Where do the carbons that start in glucose end up following cellular respiration? | Released into the atmosphere |
| How many CO2 molecules are produced from one molecule of glucose? | 6 carbon dioxide are produced |
| Compare the production of ATP's during glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and ETC. | Glycolysis = 2 ATP's, Krebs cycle= 2 ATP's, and ETC= 32 ATP's |
| What is the creatine and what does it do? | Molecules naturally found in cells like muscles that can add phosphate (P) groups onto ADP directly to make ATP |
Created by:
vn4291