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PFT study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what does NIF stand for | negative inspiratory pressure AKA MIP (maximal inspiratory pressure |
| what is NIF | measures negative pressure generated to initiate ventilation |
| what is the NIF for a spontaneous normal breathing patient | > - 60 cmH2O |
| what is normal NIF for a ventilated patient | > - 20 cmH2O |
| what temperature conversion is used for PFTs | need to change ATPS to BTPS ( most machines will do this for you) |
| how do you asses weather or not the bronchodilator therapy was effective | bronchodilator response AKA "Pre and Post flows" |
| what do you get out of a forced vital capacity | FEV1, FEV3, FEF 25-75%, FEF 200-12, PEFR |
| what test can be preformed at the bedside | simple spirometry |
| what flow can a wrights spirometer handel | Never use anything over 300 LPM |
| how to interpret a PFT | determine severity of lever, if an obstructive, look at FEV1 percentage value, if an restrictive look at FVC percentage value |
| what are the severity levels of PFTs | Normal= 80-100%, mild= 60-79%, moderate= 40-59%, severe= <40% |
| what is compliance | Elasticity of the lungs , how well the lungs expand and recoil, acceptance of air into the lungs |
| what is Raw | resistance in the airway before getting into the lungs- generally large airways |
| what are the 4 factors affecting Raw | viscosity of gas, flow of gas, radius or airway, length of airway |
| what are the causes of increased Raw | bronchospasms, emphysema, artificial airway in place, secretions, tumors, obstructions, edema, high gas flows |
| what is increased lung compliance | floppier lungs |
| what is decreased lung compliance | stiffer lungs |
| define increase lung compliance | harder to get air in but snaps back quickly to original shape |
| define decreased lung compliance | easier to get air in but doesnt snap back to original snap |
| what are the causes of decreased compliance | pneumonia, ARDS, pulmonary edema, low of surfactant, pulmonary vascular congestion, restrictive diseases |
| what are the causes of increased compliance | COPD, emphysema, obstructive disorders |
| how can airway resistance be measured | Peak Expiratory Flow Rate |
| how can you measure lung compliance | Body plethymography (body box) |
| what test helps you differentiate between asthma and emphysema | DLCO is used for emphysema |
| what is the purpose of the methacholine challenge | to diagnosis asthma |
| what are the factors that can affect lung volumes | gender, race, age, height, smoking history , presence of pulmonary diseases, restrictive and obstructive disorders |
| how do you calculate MV | MV= RRxVt |
Created by:
Meganann32