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chem U7
covalent bonding
Question | Answer |
---|---|
what happens to the electrons in covalent bonding | electrons are shared to achieve octet and outer electron clouds overlap to release energy. only singles are stolen |
sigma bond | always formed first; when 2 orbitals overlap directly on the bond axis |
pi bond | when parallel p orbitals bend to overlap (for double and triple bonds) |
covalent radius | radius that is measured by dividing the internuclear distance btwn the 2 bonded atoms |
van der waals radius | the minimum distance btwn atoms not bonded. defined by the outer edge of the electron shell. |
how is the van der waals radius found? | another atom bumps against the molecule; the molecule's e- cloud repels it and pushes it out |
do covalent bonds conduct electricity? | no; they have no charge |
do covalent bonds have a high melting pt or low melting pt? | low melting pt (<500F) |
covalent compound's physical state? | nonbrittle solids, liquid, gas |
appreance of covalent compounds | dull |