Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Radiation Protection
Chapter 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nuclear power plant severely damaged as a consequence of a 9.0 magnitude earthquake that triggered a tsunami | Fukushima Daiichi |
| Radiation produced as a consequence of nuclear weapons testing and chemical explosions in nuclear power plants. | Fallout |
| Electric and magnetic fields that fluctuate rapidly as they travel through space, including radio waves, micro waves, visible light and x-rays. | Electromagnetic wave |
| Consumer product that produced substantial radiation exposure levels when it was first made available to consumers. | Color television |
| SI unit for measuring radiation exposure | Gray |
| Specified in eV | Energy |
| Radiation quantity used for radiation protection when a person receives exposure from various types of ionizing radiation | EqD |
| An unstable nucleus that emits one or more forms of ionizing radiation to achieve greater stability | Radionuclide |
| Genetic or somatic changes in a living organism caused by excessive cellular damage from exposure to ionizing radiation | Organic Damage |
| Given in units of hertz | Frequency |
| Radiation quantity that takes into account the dose of all types of ionizing radiation to various irradiated organs or tissues in the human body. | EfD |
| Biologic effects of ionizing radiation or other agents on generations yet unborn | Genetic Damage |
| Natural sources of ionizing radiation that grow larger because of accidental or deliberate human actions, such as mining | Enhanced Natural sourced |
| Process that is the foundation of interactions of x-rays with human tissue | Ionization |
| Positively charged components of an atom | Protons |
| Specified in meters | Wavelength |
| Injury on the cellular level caused by sufficient exposure to ionizing radiation at the molecular level | Cellular Damage |
| Long-lived radioactive elements present in variable quantities in the crust of the earth and emitting densely ionizing radiations | Terrestrial Radiation |
| Kinetic energy that passes from one location to another | Radiation |
| Identical to a high-speed electron, except it is emitted from the nuclei of radioactive atoms instead of originating in atomic shells outside of the nucleus | Beta Particle |
| Another name for multislice spiral computed tomography | Helical |
| Containing two protons and two neutrons | Alpha Particle |
| The full range of frequencies and wavelength of electromagnetic waves | Electromagnetic Spectrum |
| Rays of extraterrestrial origin that results from nuclear interactions that have taken place in the sun and other stars | Cosmic Rays |
| The number of protons contained within the nucleus of an atom. | Atomic Number |
| The amount of radiation received by a patient may be indicated in terms of: | Entrance Skin Exposure (ESE), Bone Marrow Dose, Gonadal Dose. |
| Processes is the foundation of the interaction of x-rays with human tissue? | Ionization |
| Why are the long-term effects, such as an increased incidence of cancer in the exposed population living near Japan's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plant, unable to be accurately determined? | It was extremely difficult to measure the amount of radiation people received. |
| As of 2006, as reported in NCRP Report No. 160, what percentage of natural background comes from radon and thoron | 37 |
| Are natural sources of ionizing radiation | Radioactive elements in the crust of the earth and in the human body. |
| An equivalent dose as low as 0.25 Sv delivered to the whole body may cause what within a few days? | A decrease in the number of lymphocytes in the circulating blood. |
| How is actual radiation dose to the global population from atmospheric fallout from nuclear weapons testing received? | It is not received all at once but instead is delivered over a period of years at changing dose rates. |
| Which was the total average annual radiation exposure from manmade and natural radiation as of 2006? | 6.3 mSv per year |
| The Russian liquidators who work during 1986 and 1987 at the Chernobyl power complex demonstrated a statistically significant rise in the number of | Leukemia Cases |
| is recognized as the main adverse health effect from the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear power accident | Increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer in children and adolescents |
| Which are classified as ionizing radiation? | High-energy ultraviolet radiation (energy>10eV), gamma rays, and x-rays. |
| The amount of energy transferred to electrons by ionizing radiation is the basis of the concept of: | Radiation dose |
| Beta particles are: | 8,000 times lighter than alpha particles. |
| Which of the following places human beings in closer contact with extraterrestrial radiation? | A flight on a commercial plane |
| From which of the following sources do human beings receive the largest dose of ionizing radiation? | Medical radiation procedures |
| Thoron is a radioactive decay product of an isotope of: | Radon |
| What do airport surveillance systems, ionization-type smoke detectors, older luminous dial timepieces, nuclear power plants, and false teeth made of porcelain have in common? | They are all sources of manmade radiation. |
| Which are classified as particulate radiations? | Alpha particles and beta particles |
| According to NCRP Report No. 160, which reflects usage patterns through 2006, radon and thoron account for what percentage of natural background radiation exposure? | 37% |
| As of 2006, the average US inhabitant recieved an EqD of approximately _____ per year from extraterrestrial radiation. | 0.3 mSv |
| The amount of radiation a patient receives may be indicated in terms of: | Entrance Skin Exposure, Bone Marrow Dose, and Gonadal Dose |
| Russian liquidators who worked during the 1986 and 1987 at the Chernobyl nuclear power complex demonstrated a statistically significant rise in the number of: | Leukemia cases |
| Radioactive elements in the crust of the earth and in the human body may be classified as: | Natural sources of ionizing radiation |
| Medical radiation procedures account for: | The largest manmade dose of ionizing radiation received by humans |
| Which of the following commonly used building materials contains radon? | Bricks, Concrete, and Gypsum Wallboard |
| Beta Particles are identical to _____ except from their origin | High-speed Electrons |
| Which of the following identifies an element and determines its placement in the periodic table of elements? | Atomic Number |
| White blood cells that defend the body against foreign invaders by producing antibodies to combat disease are: | Lyphocytes |
| Ultraviolet radiation less that 10 eV, visible light, infrared rays, microwaves, and radio waves are considered to be nonionizing because they: | Do not have sufficient kinetic energy to eject electrons from atoms. |
| Which of the following is a naturally occurring process by which instability of the nucleus is relieved through various types of nuclear spontaneous emissions? | Radioactive Decay |
| The frequency of exposure to manmade radiation in medical applications continue to increase rapidly among all age groups in the United States because of: | Medicolegal consideration, and Physicians relying more on radiological diagnosis to assist them in patient care. |
| Of the following groups of people, which group is most likely to experience adverse health effects as a consequence of substantial exposure to ionizing radiation? | Members of the general population living near Kiev in the former Soviet Union at the time of the 1986 accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. |
| Which of the following is a radiation quantity, used for radiation protection purposes, that attempts to specify numerically the differences in transferred energy and therefore potential biologic harm that is produced by different types of radiation? | Equivalent Dose |
| A 3 year pilot research project was launch in the republic of Belarus in 1996, in the aftermath of the Chernobyl nuclear accident, to empower local citizens in making their own decision regarding reconstruction of their overall quality of life | ETHOS Project |
Created by:
deleted user