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Digestion

TermDefinition
Digestion The process by which the body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules.
Esophagus A muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
Peristalsis Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving along in one direction through the digestive system.
Absorption The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive system into the blood.
Mechanical Digestion Food is physically broken down into smaller pieces
Chemical Digestion Chemicals produced by the body into their smaller chemical building blocks.
Churns The stomach ___________ and squeezes the food.
Small The _________ intestine is about 22 feet long.
Mouth Food enters the body. Teeth start to break down food mechanically and saliva starts to break it down chemically.
Esophagus Food is swallowed and travels through this tube. This tube brings food to the rest of the digestive system.
Stomach This J-shaped, bag like organ stores and breaks down food chemically and MECHANICALLY.
Small Intestine This long tube is 22 feet long! Most chemical digestion and absorption happens here.
Pancreas When food enters the small intestine, this gland releases enzymes to help it break down the food.
Liver where bile is produced
Gallbladder This stores bile and transfers it to the small intestine.
Large Intestine Leftover wasted from the small intestine and other body parts is transferred here to be released from the body.
Rectum/Anus Solid waste exits the body here.
What part of the body stores bile? gallbladder
Where does the digestion of starch begin? mouth
What enzyme is responsible for the digestion of starch? To absorb water
What is the purpose of the large intestine? Mechanical Digestion
What is the physical action of breaking down food into smaller pieces? Stomach
Name one organ that has both chemical and mechanical digestion. Small Intestine
Name one organ that has both chemical and mechanical digestion. mouth
Bile is an important digestive juice because it breaks down ______________. fats
What are enzymes? Proteins that speed up chemical reactions
What does Protease break down? proteins
What does Amylase break down? Carbohydrates
What does Lipase break down? fats
What connects the mouth to the stomach? esophagus
What is the process called that changes foods into usable body nutrients? digestion
What absorbs nutrients in the small intestine? villi
What is peristalsis? Involuntary muscle contractions
What type of digestion occurs in the stomach? Mechanical and chemical
What is the function of the liver? to produce bile
Where does food go after it leaves the stomach? Small Intestine
What is the function of the pancreas? To produce enzymes and pancreatic juices
In which organ does most of the chemical digestion take place? Small Intestine
Where does digestion begin? mouth
Explain how mechanical digestion occurs in the mouth Teeth grind and physically break down food.
Explain how chemical digestion occurs in the mouth. Amylase in saliva helps break down starches.
Name one organ that is part of the digestive system, but not the digestive tract. pancreas
Name one organ that is part of the digestive system, but not the digestive tract. liver
Name one organ that is part of the digestive system, but not the digestive tract. Gallbladder
What is the flap of tissue that covers the windpipe? Epiglottis
Where does the waste exit from the body? Anus
What is one function of fats? Insulation
What is one function of fats? Stores energy
What is one function of fats? Cushions organs
Why is a mucus layer necessary to line the stomach? To protect the stomach from acid.
What two chemicals are found in the stomach? Pepsin and Hydrochloric Acid
Upper part of the small intestine Duodenum
Created by: cams
 

 



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