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Jazz History Final 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the swing era after | the great depression |
| louis armstrong is the only major figure in western music to influence the music of his era equally as | an instrumentalist and a singer |
| louis armstrongs innovations in blues | established the blues scale and blues feeling as jazz harmonic foundation |
| louis armstrongs innovations in improvisation | established individual improvisation as more important than collective improvisation |
| describe louis armstrongs singing? | he used scat singing, brought unqiue aritstry to written lyrics, he influenced many singers like bing crosby and billie holiday |
| louis armstrongs innovations in repertory | made masterworks of tin pan alley songs |
| how did the great depression affect record companies | record sales decreased because records became too expensive and people could hear music for free on the radio |
| what is a the jukebox? | a record playing machine found in bars and resturants |
| how was concentration of media seen in the 1920s and 1930s | three record lables produced about 90% of recordings, three national networks broadcast radio programming, in 1939 two thirds of the public went to the movies every week, |
| was big band activity concentrated in large east coast cities? | nope |
| why was swing employment popular? | competition increased and musicians were expected to have excellent technique sight read and improvise, musicians from all over flocked to cities like nola and chicago, music was one of the few skilled crafts open to african amerians |
| were profits from swing shared equally between white businessmen and black musicians? | no |
| what did many arrangements imitate from black churches? | call and response |
| where were dance steps worked out? | black ball rooms |
| in contexxt of jazz, south west refers to | the area south and west of the mississippi rive: missouri, oklahoma, texas |
| the rythmic feel to boogie woogie piano creates | an 8 beat pulse |
| waht is the significance of john hammonds from spirituals to swing concert? | it increased public awareness of traditional blues and gospel as antecedents of swing and it popularized boogie woogie piano |
| describe territory bands | they worked in one particular geographical area a days drive away from their headquarters, some were all female, only a few made recordings, they were not just in the southwest |
| talk about mary lou williams | pianist and arranger, most prominate female in swing, nationally known for andy kirk and 12 clouds of joy, respected by other musicians, she became a teacher and involved with bebop |
| T or F: the swing era is bounded chronologically by the great depression and world war 2 | true |
| T or F: lester young and herschel evans were the dueling tenors for count basie band | true |
| T or F: count basie composed the landmark tune mood indigo | false |
| T or F: in jazz history kansas city was considered urban headquarters of the southwest | true |
| T or F: frank trumbauers style and sound on the tenor sax influenced lester young | false |
| T or F: john hammonds from spirituals to swing concert helped establish a boogie woodie presence in mainstream popular music | true |
| T or F: coleman hawkins tenor saxophone style was strongly influenced by bix biderbecke | false |
| T or F: count basies one oclock jump existed as a head arrangement for more than a decade before being noted | true |
| T or F: freddie green joined the count basie band in 1937 and played rhythm guitar in the all american rhythm section | true |
| count basies rhythm section was nick named | the all american rhythm section |
| frank trumbauers style and song on THIS instrument influenced lester young | c-melody sax |
| this saxophonist is credited with establishing the tenor sax as the embodiment of jazz | coleman hawkins |
| the invention of this thing helped turn around the struggling record industry during the swing era | juke box |
| the savoy dance style known as the _____ differed significantly from the earlier fox-trot and waltz, which dictated that partners remain in arm and arm | lindy hop, had break aways and acrobatics |
| benny goodman pioneered a return groups, modeling his instrumentation after the combos of NOLA bandleader | jelly roll morton |
| the pianist who recorded weather birth with louis armstrong | earl hines |
| bandleader who hired louis armstrong and coleman hawkins | fletcher henderson |
| pianist who recordered hotter than that with louis armstrong | Lil Hardin, his wife for a bit |
| from davenport iowa, learned to play from louis armstrong records | bix biderbecke |
| his playing on the c-melody sax influenced lester young | frank trumbauer |
| tenor sax with basies band | lester young |
| piansit who played in the integrated benny goodman quartet | teddy wilson |
| played valbe trombone in ellingtons band | juan tizol |
| piansit and coposer of walkin and swinging | mary lou williams |
| guitarists and member of basies rhythm section | freddie green |
| what did armstrong bring to jazz? | blues foundations, brought emoton and rhythmic feel, solo improvisation essential, popularized tin pan alley music, scat singing |
| talk about duke ellingtons band | refined and polished, composed, programmatic meaning there was a meaning behind the title. |
| talk about count basies band | call and response, head arrangements, band used chord extensions |
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