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CHAPTER 8
SKIN DISORDERS AND DISEASES
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Approximately ______ percent of skin aging is caused by the rays of the sun. | 80 to 85 percent |
| It is recommended that you wear a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least _____ on a daily basis. | 15 |
| A ______ is an abnormal rounded solid lump larger than a papule and located above, within, or under the skin. | Tuburcle |
| Congenital hypopigmentation, or absence of melanin pigment of the body, including the skin, hair, and eyes. | Albinism |
| an allergy to an ingredient or a chemical, usually caused by repeated skin contact with the chemical. | Allergic Contact Dermatitis (ACD) |
| Cannot survive in the presence of oxygen. | Anaerobic |
| Deficiency in perspiration, often a result of fever or certain skin diseases. | Anhidrosis |
| Most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly nodules. | Basal Cell Carcinoma |
| Foul-smelling perspiration, usually noticeable in the armpits or on the feet, that is caused by bacteria. | Bromhidrosis |
| Large blister containing a watery fluid; similar to a vesicle but larger. | Bulla |
| "liver spots" ; condition characterized by hyperpigmentation on the skin in spots that are not elevated. | Chloasma |
| "whitehead" ; hair follicle is closed and not exposed to the environment; sebum remains a white or cream color and comedian appears as small bump just under the skin surface. | Closed Comedo |
| "pinkeye" ; common bacterial infection of the eyes; extremely contagious | Conjunctivitis |
| An inflammation of the skin caused by having contact with certain chemicals or substances. | Contact Dermatitis |
| Dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while it is healing; an accumulation of sebum and pus, sometimes mixed with epidermal material. | Crust |
| Closed, abnormally developed sac that contains fluid, pus, semifluid, or morbid matter above or below the skin. | Cyst |
| Inflammatory condition of the skin. | Dermatitis |
| Abnormal colorations of the skin that accompany many skin disorders and systemic disorders. | Dyschromias |
| An inflammatory, uncomfortable, and often chronic disease of the skin, characterized by moderate to sever inflammation, scaling, and sometimes severe itching. | Eczema |
| Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping. | Excoriation |
| Primarily environmental factors that contribute to aging and the appearance of aging. | Extrinsic Factors |
| A crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis. | Fissure |
| Unstable molecules that cause biochemical aging, especially wrinkling and sagging of the skin | Free radicals |
| Recurring viral infection that often presents as a fever blister or cold sore | Herpes Simplex |
| Excessive sweating, caused by heat or general body weakness. | Hyperhidrosis |
| Darker than normal pigmentation, appearing as dark splotches. | Hyperpigmentation |
| Abnormal growth of the skin. | Hypertrophy |
| Absence of pigment, resulting in light or white splotches. | Absence of pigment, resulting in light or white splotches. |
| Contagious bacterial skin infection characterized by weeping lesions. | Impetigo |
| Skin-aging factors over which we have little control. | Intrisic Factors |
| occurs when irritating substances temporarily damage the epidermis. | Irritant Contact Dermatitis (ICD |
| Thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue. | Keloid |
| Acquired, superficial, thickened patch of epidermis. | Keratoma |
| Technical term for freckles; small yellow-colored to brown-colored spots on skin exposed to sunlight and air. | Lentigines |
| Mark on the skin; may indicate an injury or damage that changes the structure of tissues or organs. | Lesion |
| Skin disorder characterized by light abnormal patches; caused by a burn or congenital disease that destroys the pigment-producing cells. | Leukoderma |
| Flat spot or discoloration on the skin, such as a freckly or a red spot left after a pimple has healed. | Macule |
| Most serious form of skin cancer; often characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised. | Malignant Melanoma |
| Benign, keratin-filled cysts that can appear just under the epidermis and have no visible opening. | Milia |
| "prickly heat" ; an acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands, characterized by the eruption of small red vesicles and accompanies by burning, itching pain. | Miliaria rubra |
| Small, brownish spot or blemish on the skin, ranging in color from pale tan to brown or bluish black. | Mole |
| "birthmark" ; small or large malformation of the skin due to abnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries. | Nevus |
| A solid bump larger than .4 inches (1 cm) that can be easily felt. | Nodule |
| Product that has been designed and proven not to clog the follicles | Noncomedogenic |
| Lesions that are a different color than the color of the skin, and/or lesions that are raised above the surface of the skin. | Primary Lesions |
| Skin disease characterized by red patches covered with silver-white scales; usually found on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest, and lower back | Psoriasis |
| The hereditary tendency for acne-prone skin to retain dead cells in the follicle, forming an obstruction that clogs follicles for exacerbates inflammatory acne lesions such as papules and pustules. | Retention Hyperkeratosis |
| Chronic condition that appears primarily on the cheeks and nose, and is characterized by flushing, telangiectasis, and in some cases, the formation of papules and pustules. | Rosacea |
| Any thin dry or oily plate of epidermal flakes. (example would be excessive dandruff) | Scale |
| "cicatrix" ; a lightly raised mark on the skin formed after an injury or lesion of the skin has healed. | Scar |
| A large protruding pocket-like lesion filled with sebum. | Sebaceous Cyst |
| Skin condition caused by an inflammation of the sebaceous glands. It is often characterized by redness, dry or oily scaling, crusting, and/or itchiness. | Seborrheic Dermatitis |
| Characterized by piles of material on the skin surface, such as a crust or scab, or depressions in the skin surface, such as an ulcer | Secondary Skin Lesions |
| Allergic reaction created by repeated exposure to a chemical or a substance. | Sensitization |
| A small brown-colored or flesh-colored outgrowth of the skin. | Skin Tag |
| Type of skin cancer more serious than basal cell carcinoma; often characterized by scaly red papules or nodules. | Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| Abnormal brown-colored or wine-colored skin discoloration with a circular and/or irregular shape. | Stain |
| Change in pigmentation of skin caused by exposure to the sun or ultraviolet light. | Tan |
| Distended or dilated surface blood vessels | Telangiectasis |
| Abnormal, rounded, solid lump above, within, or under the skin; larger than a papule. | Tubercle |
| An abnormal mass varying in size, shape and color | Tumor |
| Open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body, accompanied by pus and loss of skin depth and possibly weeping fluids or pus. | Ulcer |
| wart" ; hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis. | Verruca |
| Small blister or sac containing clear fluid, lying within or just beneath the epidermis. | Vesicle |
| Hereditary condition that causes hypopigmented spots and splotches on the skin; may be related to thyroid conditions. | Vitiligo |
| Itchy, swollen lesion that lasts only a few hours; caused by a blow or scratch, the bite of an insect, urticaria, or the sting of a nettle. (such as hives or mosquito bites) | Wheal |
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chisolma