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Chapter 23
The French Revolution and Napoleon
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What caused the French Revolution? | Rising debt, new taxes, weak leadership, citizens feeling that they weren’t This rise in bread prices helped spark the Revolution because it weighed heavily on the poor. |
| Why were the members of the Third Estate dissatisfied with life under the Old Regime? | The members of the Third Estate had little political power. |
| How did Louis XVI’s weak leadership contribute to the growing crisis in France? | Louis XVI’s let political problems and mounting debt get really bad for his country. |
| How did the purpose of the meeting of the Estates-General in 1789 change? | It changed from a debate on new taxes to an effort to reform the entire political system of France. |
| Do you think that the changes in the French government were inevitable? Explain. | Yes- Economic conditions were bad and Enlightenment ideas were powerful and brought about a change in thinking. No - Better leadership and sharing power could have kept the peace. |
| Why do you think some members of the First and Second Estates joined the National Assembly and worked to reform the government? | The member of the First and Second Estates hoped to avoid radical steps; they genuinely sympathized with the problems of the Third Estate. |
| How were the storming of the Bastille and the women’s march on Versailles similar? How were they different? | Similar- Both were spontaneous acts. Differences- The storming of the Versailles was to get arms and the women’s march on Versailles was to demand bread. |
| Do you think this change of events could be changed in any way? Explain. | War with Prussia and Austria; monarchy abolished; Reign of Terror; Directory governs. Events changed; Yes- if conservatives had been willing to compromise and if moderates had spoken out more strongly. |
| What major reforms did the National Assembly introduce? | The National Assembly issued the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen and reformed the Church. |
| What did the divisions in the Legislative Assembly say about the differences in French society? | The Political changes did not wipe out the deep divisions of the Old Regime. |
| How did the Reign of Terror come to an end? | Fearing for their safety, leaders turned on Robespierre. |
| How did the slogan “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity” sum up the ideas of the Revolution? | The slogan sums up the goals of the French Revolution; the desire for freedom from old class structures, equal rights for all citizens, and unity among the French people. |
| What similarities and differences do you see between the political factions in the Legislative Assembly and those in the US government today? | Both divided by ideology, but fewer extremes exist in Congress. |
| What factors lead to Robespierre becoming a dictator? | The factors were war, economic problems; debt and high taxes, struggling political factions, and Robespierre's strong personality. |
| Who was Napoleon Bonaparte? | born in 1769, considered one of the greatest military leaders of all time |
| What is Coup e'stat? | sudden seizure of power or blow to the state |
| Define Plebiscite. | a direct vote in which a country’s people have the opportunity to approve or reject a proposal |
| How was Napoleon able to control the countries neighboring the French Empire? | He would fight battles and conquer the military to then conquer the country as a whole. |
| Napoleon had to deal with forces both inside and outside the French Empire. In your judgement, which area was more important to control? | Inside the French Empire was the most important because it is easier to overthrow a government from inside of it. Also if you expand too much and don't tend to the inside, then you will overwork your forces and the empire will collapse. |
| Explain what the Concordat was and its purpose. | a formal agreement— especially one between the pope and a government, dealing with the control of Church affairs |
| What is the Napoleonic Code? | a comprehensive and uniform system of laws established for France by Napoleon |
| What is Waterloo and its significance? | Battle in Belgium where European allies were fighting against Napoleon, British and Prussian forces chased him from the field and had him sent to St. Helena but was exiled back to Elba where he died. |
| What were Napoleons three serious mistakes? | Continental System, The Peninsular War (1808), and Invasion of Russia |
| What is a blockade? | the use of troops or ships to prevent commercial traffic from entering or leaving a city or Region |
| What was the Continental System? | Napoleon’s policy of preventing trade between Great Britain and continental Europe, intended to destroy Great Britain’s economy |
Created by:
gtaveroni