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Hematology Final Exa
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the most useful corrective action for the microscope when fine details cannot be visualized in immature cells? | Use 100x & open diaphragm |
| Which of the following behaviors is a violation of standard precautions? | Not treating everyone as infected |
| Standards and calibrators differ from control materials because | Standards are solutions that have a known amount of analyte and used to calibrate the instrument. Controls are used to monitor the performance after calibration |
| Proper mixing of samples and timely delivery of samples to the laboratory are both examples of what type of lab variables | Pre analytical |
| A Delta check is a historical reference on samples run in the Laboratories. Once a sample fails a Delta check the most obvious corrective action is to | Verify patient ID |
| Common examples of post analytic variables include? | -Delta check -released results -critical results called -reflex testing indicated -specimen checked for clots |
| Error analysis, standard protocols, and turnaround time are all part of the | QA |
| The average of a group with data points is defined as the | Mean |
| What is the average M:E ratio for normal adult bone marrow | 3:1-4:1 |
| The key organs involved in extramedullary haemopoiesis include the | Liver and spleen |
| Antibody coated red cells that have their antibodies stripped in the spleen usually reappear in the circulation as | Spherocytes |
| A peripheral blood indicator of ineffective bone marrow is | Lack of polychromasia |
| The hormone responsible for signaling red cell development in the bone marrow is | EPO Erythropoietin |
| The preferable site for bone marrow aspiration and biopsy? | Iliac crest |
| A Wright stained smear of a patient with a an elevated reticulocyte count should show | Polychromasia |
| The erythrocyte stage that marks the beginning of hemo globalization is called | Polychromatophilic normoblast |
| One of the key morphological features of the nucleated red cell stages is | Around nucleus |
| The red cell protein that is responsible for the for deformability and flexibility of the red cell is | Spectrin |
| Increased plasma cholesterol may lead to the development of which of these abnormal red cell morphologies | Target cells |
| The hemoglobin molecule consists of | 4 hemoglobin 4 Goblin chains 4 iron-containing Hema groups |
| The basic pathophysiology of the thalassemic conditions is | Decresed or absent globinchain synthesis |
| Asynchrony in the bone marrow is defined as | Nuclear development and hemoglobin development that is unbalanced |
| Polychromatophilic macrocytes in the peripheral smear are defined as | Reticulocytes |
| The Red Cell inclusion derived from denatured hemoglobin is | Heinz bodies |
| The degree of effective erythropoitic activity in any hematological disorder is most readily assessed by the | Reticulocyte count |
| When hemolysis is produced by intravascular fragmentation of red cells which Red Cell morphology will be produced | Schistocyte |
| Reversible sickled cells are described as having a | Half Moon with rounded end |
| The last nucleated stage of erythrocytic maturation is | Orthochromicnormoblast |
| What percentage of hemoglobin is synthesized in the reticulocyte stage | |
| Epsilon and Zeta chains are part of which of the hemoglobins? | Portland |
| Fetal hemoglobin consists of which chains? | 2 Alpha 2 gamma Hgb F A2 Y2 |
| The hemoglobin molecule will either hold onto or release oxygen depending on | Relationship between pulmonary and venous circulation |
| Which of the following abnormal hemoglobins will result in a cyanotic condition? | Methemoglobin (M) |
| How many genes are responsible for the production of alpha chains | 2 |
| Which clinical condition is a definitive sign of intravascular lysis | Hemoglobinuria |
| Which organs are the most affected during extravascular lysis | Spleen and liver |
| Storage iron is usually determined by the | Serum ferritin level |
| In addition to iron ingestion over 90% of iron in adults that is used for erythropoiesis is obtained through | Recycling of iron |
| The first stage of iron deficiency anemia is termed | Iron depletion |
| The alpha thalassemic condition that is incompatible with life is | Barts hydrops fetalis |
| Which conclusion is associated with a pitted golf ball | Hemoglobin H inclusion |
| Failure to thrive, bossed skull , severe anemia and splenomegaly are all symptoms of which of the following disorders | Thalassemia Major |
| One of the greatest clinical problems for individuals with thalassemia major is | Iron overload |
| On electrophoresis the majority hemoglobin for individuals with thalassemia major is | Hgb F |
| An appropriate M:E ratio in the case of Megablastic anemia would be | 1:3 |
| Which morphological features is class in and the megablastic anemia ls | Macroovalocytes |
| Ineffective erythropoiesis is defined as | The destruction of RBC precursors |
| Spherocytes do not function well in the splenic environment because the | Osmotic environment of the spherocytes is impaired |
| Cholelitgiasis is a frequent complication of patients with hereditary spherocytosis because | Chronic hemolysis causes gallstones to form |
| Spherocytes differ from normal cells | *Decrease central pallor *Decreased resistance to hypotonic saline *Decreased to surface ratio |
| The RBC inclusions that are composed of denatured hemoglobin are called | Heinz bodies |
| Red sells that are to malaria, rigid, ans spoon shaped are termed | Southeast asian ovalocytosis |
| One of the least severe clinical manifestations of G6PD deficiency is | Congenital non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia |
| And anemia that manifest as decreased marrow cellularity, cytopenias in two cellular elements, and a reticulocytopenia is appreciately termed | Aplastic anemia |
| The hemoglobin variant that is seen frequently in the Southeast Asian population it shows a microcytic picture and migrates with Hgb C at pH 8.6 is | Hgb E |
| Patient with sickle cell anemia may develop cardiopulmonary disease due to | High blood viscosity |
| Autosplenectomy is characteristic of | Aplastic |
| When the bone marrow temporarily ceases to produce cells in a sickle cell patient a ______crisis has occurred | Aplastic |
| Sickle cell disease is best differentiated from sickle cell trait by | Hemoglobin electrophoresis |
| Which of the poikilocytes is classically associated with hemoglobinopathies and liver disease | Target cells |
| Which is the best test to assess the bomb arrows response to anemic stress | |
| Which is the best test to assess the bone marrow response to anemic stress | Retic count |
| The hemolytic anemias are generally classified morphologically as | Normochromic and normocyte |
| Painful swelling of hands and feet caused by Sickle Cell in the microcirculation of Sickle cells infants is termed | Dactylitis |
| The hemoglobin at that cannot be separated from Hgb S through electrophoresis and buffer at pH 8.6 is | Hgb D |
| Lymphocyte concentrations in peripheral blood are greatest during what age interval | Immediately after birth |
| The marinating pool neutrophils is located | Along the vessel endothelium |
| Which CD markers are associated with the myelocyte | CD 45 CD 33 CD13 |
| One of the primary glands in the infant responsible for lymphocyte origination is the | Thumus |
| The initial appearance of specific granulation in the granulocyte series is predominantly seen in the | Myelocyte |
| The amount of time and granulocytes spends in the circulation before migrating into the tissues is normally | 48 hours |
| An automated hematology what is the definition of the data check? | comparison of lab report to historical date |
| 35% | |
| Features of lymphatic system | Blood filtration, antibody generation, lymphopoiesis |
| Osponization of neutrophils is defined as | Preparing for an bodies for phagocytosis |
| A white cell disorder that presents with a low white cell count, thrombocytopenia, and a mulberry like inclusions in the moncytes is | Human ehrilichiosis |
| Which mechanisms are usually associated with neutropenia | Decrease production in the BM- Impaired released from the BM and increased destruction |
| An autosomal disorder that manifests itself with large lysosomal inclusions, recurring infections and albinism is | Chediak Higashi sydrome |
| The best corrective action to take for a patient who exhibits platelet satellitism in their peripheral blood smear is to | Redraw the sample in a sodium citrate tube |
| A patient who has persistent leukocytosis, Dohl bodies and in evaluated LAP score most likely has | Leukomoid reaction |
| A patient with AML is likely to have a title chemical panel that is positive for | MPO, SBB, Specific Esterase |
| The monoclonal maker that is often positive in T-ALL is | APL Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia |
| Acute leukemic are marked by | Rapid on set anemia, thrombocytopenia |
| Which of the following is characteristic of Auer rods? | Composed of fused primary granuales |
| Which CD marker best represents the earliest progenitor cells? | CD 34 |
| Acute leukemia is characterized by what percentage of blasts? | Hypercellular BM with > 20% blast |
| Pure erythroid leukemia is defined as | Erythroid precursor greater than 80% |
| Tyrosine kinase is an important mediator in leukocyte to metabolic pathways because it suppresses | Apoptosis |
| A term describing a peripheral blood finding of leukocytosis with a shift to the left a company by occupational nucleated red cells and accompanied by occasional nucleated red cells and platelets abnormalities is | Leukoerythroblastic |
| The Accelerated phase of chronic myeloid leukemia is marked by | Increase basophils |
| Myocardial infarctions, transient ischemic attacks and deep vein thrombosis are more likely to be complications of | PV Polycythemia |
| Eat Right app is a characteristic of myeloid fibrosis with myeloid metaplasia due to | Increased infiltration of fibrotic elements fibrous BM |
| What effect does the Ph chromosome have on the prognosis of patient with chronic myelocytic leukemia | Better if pH chromosome is present |
Created by:
Brandymk01