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Chemistry Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Alkali metals | The chemical elements in Group 1 of the periodic table |
| Alkaline earth metals | The alkaline earth metals are six chemical elements in group 2 of the periodic table. |
| Atom | The basic unit of a chemical element |
| Atomic mass | The mass of an atom of a chemical element shown in atomic mass units. |
| Atomic mass unit (amu) | A unit of mass used to express atomic and molecular weights |
| Atomic Number | The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom,it shows the chemical properties of an element and where it's at in the periodic table |
| Atomic orbitals | A mathematical function that describes the wave-like behavior of either one electron/pair of electrons in an atom |
| Atomic radius | The atomic radius of a chemical element is a measure of the size of its atoms, |
| Electron configuration | The distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals |
| Electronegativity | Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons. |
| Electrons | An electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle. |
| Energy levels | The fixed amount of energy that a system described by quantum mechanics, such as a molecule, atom, electron, or nucleus, can have. |
| Ground state | The lowest energy state of an atom or other particle. |
| Group | The columns in a periodic table are groups. |
| Halogens | Any of the elements fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine, occupying group VIIA (17) |
| Ionization energy | The ionization energy (IE) is qualitatively defined as the amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron |
| Isotopes | If an atom is missing and a neutron has an extra neutron that is a n isotope |
| Mass Number | The number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus |
| Metalloids | Element whose properties are between metals and solid nonmetals |
| Metals | Any chemical element that is an effective conductor of electricity and heat can be defined as a metal. |
| Neutrons | Neutrons are the particles in an atom that have a neutral charge |
| Noble gases | The gaseous elements helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, occupying Group 0 (18) |
| Nonmetals | An element or substance that is not a metal. |
| Nucleus | The center part in an atom that contains protons and neutrons |
| Periodic table | A table of the chemical elements in order of atomic number |
| Periods | Periods in the periodic table are the horizontal rows |
| Photons | A particle representing a quantum of light or other electromagnetic radiation |
| Protons | A positively charged subatomic particle. |
| Representative elements | The elements within the first two families and the last six families or groups |
| Transition metals | All the transition metals have two electrons in their outermost shell |
Created by:
Sharon20
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