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Chapter 9
ST - Chapter 9
Question | Answer |
---|---|
During which phase of general anesthesia would the risk of aspiration be the greatest? | Induction |
Which anesthetic monitoring device registers the brain wave activity of the patient and enables anesthetic titration for optimal level of consciousness during surgical intervention? | Bispectral index |
Benzodiazepines are classified by the Controlled Substance Act (CSA) as which class? | Class IV |
Which type of drug is used to treat possible postoperative nausea and vomiting? | Antiemetic |
Why would a neurosurgeon order mannitol for a patient during a craniotomy for excision of tumor? | Decrease intracranial pressure |
How are most drugs absorbed by the body? | Passive transport |
Which of the following is NOT a drug administration route? (Biodegradable, Enteral, Parenteral, Topical) | Biodegradable |
What is the pharmacological agent administered specifically to treat malignant hyperthermia (MH)? | Dantrolene |
Which drug is administered intravenously to treat life-threatening cardiac ventricular arrhythmias? | Naloxone HCL |
What is the name of the device used to support or modify the curvature of an endotracheal tube during intubation? | Stylet |
What would be the scrubbed surgical technologist's role in the general anesthesia induction phase? | Maintains absolute quiet |
Which type of anesthesia would be considered nontraditional in the United States? | Accupuncture |
What side effects after the use of the dissociative agent ketamine HCL make in contraindicated for use on adults | Morbid hallucinations |
The practice of applying cricoid pressure during endotracheal intubation was named for a British anesthesiologist named: | Sellick |
The anesthesia provider would assign which physical status classification rating to a patient with severe systemic disease, massive obesity, poorly controlled hypertension, or status postmyocardial infarction? | ASA 3 |
A bovine-derived enzyme used as a chemical method of hemostasis is: | Thrombin |
What is the topical agent used by peripheral vascular and neurosurgeons to dilate blood vessels intraoperatively? | Papaverine HCL |
Which type of ophthalmic medication constricts the pupil? | Miotic |
Which classification of drugs is used to induce uterine contractions and reduce bleeding after vaginal or cesarean section delivery? | Oxytocic |
Which drug is an anticoagulant antagonist used to reverse the effects of heparin? | Protamine sulfate |
Which type of medication container would pose the highest risk of injury to the handler and contamination of the medication by glass particle? | Ampule |
A widely accepted list of safety measures is entitled the Six _____ of Medication Administration | Rights |
Which of the following naming categories for the pharmaceutical drugs would NOT be used in a health care setting? (chemical, generic, street, trade) | Street |
Which type of drug preparation is both sweetened and contains alcohol? | Elixir |
In which anatomical organ does biotransformation of drugs most often take place? | Liver |
What is the term for the portion of the endotracheal tube that is inflated to create a closed airway system? | Cuff |
Which measurement method is used to determine end tidal volume of expired carbon dioxide? | Capnography |
What is the medical term for normal breathing? | Eupnea |
Which vitamin is required for activation of the body's natural clotting mechanism? | Vitamin K |
Avitene is the brand name for which type of chemical hemostatic agent? | Microfibrillar collagen |
Ancef, Kefzol, and Keflex are brand names for which category of antibiotic/anti-infective agents? | Cephalosporins |
Teratogenic results fall into which category of medication effects? | Toxic |
Magnesium, calcium, an zinc come from which drug source? | Minerals |
Which governmental regulatory agency has oversight of pharmaceutical companies? | FDA (Federal Drug Administration) |
What is the chemical name for a chemical or drug that causes birth defects? | Teratogen |
Which category of drug is used to outline hollow or tubular anatomical structures for radiographic visualization? | Contrast media |
Which type of reaction occurs when a drug potentiates or enhances the effect of another substance? | Agonistic |
Which type of pharmaceutical agent binds to another agent's receptor site, preventing the other agent from binding there and causing its desired effect? | Antagonist |
What type of irrigating solution is used during placement of synthetic grafts in cardiovascular surgery to prevent clotting? | Heparinized saline |
What type of anesthesia nerve block involves injecting local anesthetics with Wydase around the optic nerves? | Retrobulbar |
Extreme caution should be exercised when using which of the following for localized anesthesia of fingers, toes, or the penis, or in neonates? | Epinephrine |
Which of the following topical anesthetics is used as a "freezing" method to block pain receptors in skin? | Lidocaine |
What is another term for spinal anesthesia? | Intrathecal |
What is done to an upper extremity with an Esmarch bandage prior to inflation of the double-cuffed tourniquet used in Bier block anesthesia? | Exsanguination |
T or F - A patient taking a medication for a long period may experience tolerance, resulting in the need to increase the dosage to achieve the same benefit as before | True |
T or F - Antibiotics and the anticoagulant heparin are frequently diluted with normal saline to achieve a more powerful dosage than the original strength | False |
T or F - To convert weight in pounds to kilograms for a near estimate in an emergency, divide the pounds in half and then subtract the first digit of the answer from the answer itself to get the conversion total. For example, 160/2 = 80, 80-2 = 72. | False |
T or F - The Surgical Technologist (ST) and circulating RN verify a drug's name, strength, expiration, and amount together; then the ST labels any container holding it; and states the drug name and strength aloud to the surgeon as it is being passed. | True |