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Essentials Ch.3 Test
Environmental Science Test Impastato/Crovato
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Earth's thin outer layer is known as the _____ | crust |
| Seismologists learn about the interior structure of the Earth through measurement of the speed and direction of ______ ______ | seismic waves |
| A ______ current consists of air or a liquid moving in a circular patters as it is heated and cooled. | convection |
| The atmosphere contains ______ ______ which trap radiated heat near the Earth's surface. | greenhouse gases |
| The second most abundant gas in the atmosphere is ____ | oxygen |
| Most of the geological activity at the surface of the earth takes place at boundaries between _______ ______ | tectonic plates |
| What percent of the sun's energy reaches the Earth's surface? | 50% |
| Name 3 greenhouse gases | carbon dioxide, water vapor, and methan |
| The ____ of sea water is the measure of the quantity of dissolved salts | salinity |
| When _____ in the ocean flow past land they influence the climate of that region. | currents |
| The ______ _______ is a single, large interconnected body of water that cover 70% of Earth's surface | world ocean |
| In large volcanic eruptions, ash and gases, can enter the atmosphere and reduce the amount of _____ that reaches the Earth. | sunlight |
| In the upper atmosphere, the form of oxygen that protects Earth from the sun's ultraviolet rays is called the ____ | ozone |
| In the highest layer of the atmosphere called the thermosphere, gas temperature is high, but the particle density of the gas molecule is _____, so little heat can be transferred there. | low |
| The flow of heat from one object to another through direct contact is called _____ | conduction |
| The continuos movement of water into the air, onto land, and then back to water sources is known as the ____ _______ | water cycle |
| Convection cells, the driving force behind plate tectonics, are found in which later of the earth? | athenosphere |
| What is a liquid layer in the earth? | outer core |
| How large does an earthquake have to be on the Richter scale to be felt? | 2.0 |
| What is the term that refers to the surface of the Earth down to the core? | geosphere |
| The crust and upper mantle that is broken into plates is called the _____ | lithosphere |
| Which element makes up 78% of the earth's atmosphere? | nitrogen |
| The geosphere is divided into _____ compositional layers | 5 |
| The gulf stream is a ____ water current | warm |
| Which element makes up 78% of the Earth's atmosphere? | nitrogen |
| What layer of the atmosphere has the coldest recorded temperatures? | mesosphere |
| What type of tectonic boundary do two plates move away from each other? | divergent |
| What type of boundary is found along the California coast (San Andreas Fault)? | transform |
| Which layer of the atmosphere is closest to the Earth? | Stratosphere |
| What's the sharp drop in temperature just beneath the surface layer? | thermocline |
| Currents at the surface of the ocean are driven by _____ | wind |
| What part of Earth encompasses all areas where life can be found? | biosphere |
| Where is most of the fresh water on Earth located? | in ice caps and glaciers |
| What includes all the water on or near Earth's surface? | hydrosphere |
| Without the greenhouse effect. Earth's atmosphere would be ____ to support life | too cold |
| ____ causes air to be denser near Earth's surface | gravity |
| How did the Himalaya Mountains form? | colliding tectonic plates |
| What is the most geologically active regions on the Earth? | boundaries between tectonic plates |
| Where is the ozone layer located? | stratosphere |
| What's the estimated temperature of Earth's inner core? | 4000-5000 Celsius |
| The Richter scale best describes the ________ | magnitude of an earthquake |
| List the 5 compositional layers of the Earth. | lithosphere, asthenosphere, mantle, outer core, inner core |
| What is Earth's densest atmospheric layer? | troposphere |
| What are the 3 mechanisms of energy transfer within the Earth's atmosphere? | radiation, conduction, convection |
Created by:
dcrovato