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Chapter 5
Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Actual cost system | an approach that assigns actual costs of direct materials, direct labor, and overhead to products. |
| Adjusted cost of goods sold | the cost of goods sold after all adjustments for overhead variances are made. |
| Applied overhead | overhead assigned to production using predetermined rates. |
| Causal factors | activities or variables that invoke service costs. Generally, it is desirable to use causal factors as the basis for allocating service costs. |
| Common costs | the costs of resources used in the output of two or more services or products. |
| Department overhead rate | estimated overhead for a single department divided by the estimated activity level for that same department. |
| Direct method | a method that allocates service costs directly to producing departments. This method ignores any interactions that may exist among support departments. |
| Job | one distinct unit or set of units for which the costs of production must be assigned. |
| Job-order costing system | a costing system in which costs are collected and assigned to units of production for each individual job. |
| Job-order cost sheet | a subsidiary account to the work-in-process account on which the total costs of materials, labor, and overhead for a single job are accumulated. |
| Materials requisition form | a source document that records the type, quantity, and unit price of the direct materials issued to each job. |
| Normal cost of goods sold | the cost of goods sold before adjustment for any overhead variance. |
| Normal cost system | an approach that assigns the actual costs of direct materials and direct labor to products but uses a predetermined rate to assign overhead costs. |
| Overapplied overhead | the amount by which applied overhead exceeds actual overhead. |
| Overhead variance | the difference between actual overhead and applied overhead. |
| Plantwide overhead rate | a single overhead rate calculated using all estimated overhead for a factory divided by the estimated activity level across the entire factory. |
| Predetermined overhead rate | an overhead rate computed using estimated data. |
| Process-costing system | a costing system that accumulates production costs by process or by department for a given period of time. |
| Producing departments | units within an organization responsible for producing the products or services that are sold to customers. |
| Reciprocal method | a method that simultaneously allocates service costs to all user departments. It gives full consideration to interactions among support departments. |
| Sequential method | a method that allocates service costs to user departments in a sequential manner. It gives partial consideration to interactions among support departments. |
| Support departments | units within an organization that provide essential support services for producing departments. |
| Time ticket | a source document by which direct labor costs are assigned to individual jobs. |
| Underapplied overhead | the amount by which actual overhead exceeds applied overhead. |