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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| active partition | on mbr the primary partition boots the OS |
| active recovery image | in w8 a cosum refresh inmige that will be use wen when a refresh of the windows installation is performed |
| backup and restore | a win7 uitly to create and update scheduled backups of data and sys image |
| basic disk | a win term for a stand-alone drive in the sys |
| boot partition | the hdd where the os is stored |
| BootMgr | the boot manager that is responsible for loading windows |
| cd (change directory) | win command to change the current directory |
| CDFS (Compact Disk Files system) | 32bit sys for cds |
| chkdsk (check disk) | a win command to verify that the hdd does not have bad sectors that can corrupt the file system |
| cluster | on a magnetic HDD one or more sectors that constitute the smallest unit of space on the drive for storing data |
| Complete PC Backup | a vista untilty that can make a back up of the whole volume of vista and other volumes |
| copy | win command to copy file, groups of files, or folders. |
| custom refresh image | win8 image of the windows volume, |
| defrag | win command that examines for fragmented files and rewrites these files to the dive in contiguous clusters |
| defragment | a drive maintenance procure that rearranges fragments or parts of files on a magnetic hard drive so each file is stored on the drive in contiguous clusters. |
| del | the windows command to delete a file or group of files. |
| dir | The win command to list files and directories |
| Disk Cleanup | a windows utility to delete temporary files to free up space on a drive |
| dynamic disk | a way to partition one or more hard drives so that the drives can work together to store data in order to increase space for data or to provide fault tolerance or improved performance. |
| dynamic volume | a volume type used with dynamic disks by which you can create a single volume that uses space on multiple hard drives. |
| EFI System Partition (ESP) | For a GPT hard drive, the bootable partition used to boot the OS and contains the boot manager program for the OS |
| elevated command prompt window | a windows command prompt window the allows commands that require administrator privileges. |
| erase | the windows command to delete a file or group of files. |
| expand | the windows command that extracts files from compressed distribution files, which are often used to distribute files for software installation. |
| extended partition | The only partition on a hard drive that can contain more than one logical drive. In Windows, a hard drive can have only a single extended partition. Compare to primary partition. |
| FAT (file allocation table) | A table on a hard drive or floppy disk used by the FAT file system that tracks the clusters used to contain a file. |
| file allocation | One or more sectors that constitute the smallest unit of space on a disk for storing data (also referred to as a file allocation unit). Files are written to a disk as groups of whole clusters. |
| File History | last used files |
| formatting | The process of preparing a data storage device such as a hard disk drive for initial use. The operation may also create one of more new file systems. |
| Fragmented File | A file that has been written to different portions of the disk so that it is not in contiguous clusters of the hard drive. |
| GUID (Globally Unique Identifier Partition Table) | A partitioning system installed on a drive that can support 128 partitions and is recommended for drives larger than 2 TB. |
| Hardware RAID | One of the two ways to implement RAID. This is the more reliable and better performing RAID configurations |
| High level Formatting | A process preformed by the Windows Format program. The Process creates the Boot record, the file system, and the root directory on a hard drive or logical drive. |
| Initialization Files | Text files that keep hardware and software configuration information, user preferences, and applications settings and are used by the OS when first loaded an when needed by hardware, applications, and users. |
| Logical Drive | A portion or all of a hard drive extended partition that is treated by the operating system as though it were a physical drive or volume. |
| Low Level Formatting | A process (usually performed at the factory) that electronically creates the hard drive tracks and sectors and tests for bad spots on the disk surface. |
| MBR (Master Boot Record) | The first sector on a hard drive, which contains the partition table and a program the BIOS uses to boot an OS from the drive. |
| Master File Table (MFT) | The database used by the NTFS file system to track the contents of a volume or logical drive. |
| md (make directory | windows command that makes a new directory/foler |
| mount point | A folder that is used as a shortcut to space on another volume, which effectively increases the size of the folder to the size of the other volume |
| Mounted Drive | A volume that can be accessed by way of a folder on another volume so that the folder has more available space. |
| Offline Files | A utility that allows uses to work with files in the folder when a computer is not connected to the corporate network. When the computer is later connected, Windows syncs up the offline files and folders with those on the network. |
| Pagefile.sys | The windows swap file that is used to hold the virtual memory that is used to enhance physical memory installed on a system. |
| partition table | A table that contains information about each partition on the drive. |
| primary partition | A hard disk partition that can be used to boot the system. An MBR drive can have up to three primary partitions. In Windows, a GPT drive can have up to 128 primary partitions. |
| quick format | A format procedure, used to format a hard drive volume or other drive, that doesn't scan the volume or drive for bad sectors; use it only when a drive has been previously formatted and is in healthy condition. |
| RAID | methods of configuring multiple hard drives to store data to increase logical volume size and improve performance, or to ensure that if one hard drive fails, the data is still available from another hard drive. |
| RAID 0 | Using space from two or more physical disks to increase the disk space available for a single volume. Performance improves because data is written evenly across all disks. Windows calls RAID 0 a striped volume. |
| rd (remove directory) | The Windows command to delete a directory (folder) or group of directories (folders). |
| recover | The Windows command that can recover a file when part of the file is corrupted. |
| registry | A database that Windows uses to store hardware and software configuration information, user preferences, and setup information. |
| ren (rename) | The Windows command to rename a file or group of files. |
| resiliency | In Windows 8 Storage Spaces, the term refers to the degree the configuration can resist or recover from drive failure. |
| Resilient File System (ReFS) | A file system that offers excellent fault tolerance and compatibility with virtualization and data redundancy in a RAID system. |
| restore point | A snapshot of the Windows system, usually made before installation of new hardware or applications. Restore points are created by the System Protection utility. |
| robocopy (robust file copy) | A Windows command that is similar to and more powerful than the xcopy command, used to copy files and folders. |
| sector | On a hard disk drive or SSD, the smallest unit of bytes addressable by the operating system and UEFI/BIOS. |
| shadow copy | A copy of open files made so that open files are included in a backup. |
| shutdown | The Windows command to shut down the local computer or a remote computer. |
| simple volume | A type of volume used on a single hard drive. |
| slack | Wasted space on a hard drive caused by not using all available space at the end of a cluster. |
| software RAID | Using Windows to implement RAID. The setup is done using the Disk Management utility. |
| Storage Spaces | A Windows 8 utility that can create a storage pool using any number of internal or external backup drives. The utility is expected to replace Windows software RAID. |
| striping | raid 0 |
| system image | The backup of the entire Windows 8/7 volume and can also include backups of other volumes. The backup is made using the Windows 8 File History or Windows 7 Backup and Restore utility. |
| system partition | The partition of the hard drive that contains the boot loader or boot manager program and the specific files required to start the Windows launch. |
| System Protection | A Windows utility that automatically backs up system files and stores them in restore points on the hard drive at regular intervals and just before you install software or hardware. |
| System Restore | A Windows utility used to restore the system to a restore point. |
| thin provisioning | A technique used by Storage Spaces in Windows whereby virtual storage free space can be configured as if it has more virtual storage than the physical storage allotted to it. |
| track | track |
| UDF (Universal Disk Format) | A file system for optical media used by all DVD discs and some CD-R and CD-RW discs. |
| user profile | A collection of files and settings about a user account that enables the user's personal data, desktop settings, and other operating parameters to be retained from one session to another. |
| user profile namespace | The group of folders and subfolders in the C:\Users folder that belong to a specific user account and contain the user profile. |
| virtual memory | A method whereby the OS uses the hard drive as though it were RAM. Also see pagefile.sys. |
| wildcard | An * or ? character used in a command line that represents a character or group of characters in a file name or extension. |
| Windows PowerShell | A command-line interface (CLI) that processes objects, called cmdlets, which are prebuilt programs built on the .NETFramework, rather than processing text in a command line. |
| xcopy | A Windows command more powerful than the copy command that is used to copy files and folders. |
Created by:
tsuchi