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chemistry
energy resources,atomspheric pollution,applied chemistry
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Peat, lignite, bituminous and anthracite are the types of coal. Peat | contains 5-6% carbon. |
| Coal, petroleum, natural gases are the fossil fuels. Percentage of carbon in anthracite, is | 94 – 98% |
| Fuel used in rockets is called Rropellants. It is an explosive which is used in gun. Composition of hybrid propellant is | N2O4 and Acrylic Salt |
| The LPG contains mainly propane and butane. The ratio of butane is higher in it. Which substance is added in LPG to detect gas leakage? | Ethyl Mercaptan |
| Geothermal electricity is electricity generated from geothermal energy. Geothermal power is sustainable. Solar energy is renewable in nature. Which process is responsible for solar energy? | Nuclear Fission |
| Natural gas contains methane, ethane, propane and butane. The percentage of methane is | highest (i.e., 80-90%) in it. |
| Percentage of carbon in coke is | 90-95% |
| Oil gas consists of methane, ethane, ethylene and hydrogen. Water gas | contains carbon monoxide (45%) and hydrogen (45%). |
| Producer gas contains | Carbon Monoxide 35% and Nitrogen 60% |
| Diesel vapours and air are used as a fuel in diesel engine. Methane is used in cooking gas. Which form of coal contains 78-86% carbon? | Bituminous |
| (Fuel)Wood | 3500(Calorific Value) (Kcal/kg) |
| (Fuel)Coal | 4000-7000(Calorific Value) (Kcal/kg) |
| (Fuel)Natural gas | 8600(Calorific Value) (Kcal/kg) |
| (Fuel)Coke | 6500(Calorific Value) (Kcal/kg) |
| (Fuel)Water gas | 4600-4800(Calorific Value) (Kcal/kg) |
| (Fuel)LPC | 11900(Calorific Value) (Kcal/kg) |
| Biogas refers to a gas produced by breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. It originates from biogenic material and is a type of bio-fuel. It is used commonly in rural used areas in the form of | Cooking Gas |
| Ethylene glycol | acts as an anti-freezing agent in automobile engines. |
| Tetra ethyl lead | is an anti-knocking agent. |
| Catalytic converter (which converts CO toCO2) in vehicles is made up of which element? | Palladium |
| Air is made up of nitrogen, oxygen and trace amounts of carbon dioxide, methane, argon, hydrogen and helium. Nitrogen | is the seventh most abundant element in our solar system. |
| Percentage of nitrogen in air is | 78.09% by volume of Earth’s atmosphere. |
| Percentage of oxygen in atmosphere is | 21% |
| In photochemical smog, a secondary pollutant is present which is thermally unstable. It is a lachrymatory substance. Name it. | Peroxyacetyl Nitrate |
| Tear gas | known as lachrymatory agent that stimulates the corneal nerves in the eyes to cause tears, pain and even blindness. |
| A component of a tear gas is CS gas. It is used as | Riot Control Agent |
| Certain man-made chemicals are ozone-depletion. The parental hydrocarbons of these chemicals are ethane and methane. These chemicals are | Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) |
| Global warming refers to the average increase in the Earth’s temperature due to rise in pollution. Greenhouse gases accumulate into the atmosphere and trap heat. Name a green house gas. | Carbon Dioxide |
| Ozone in the ozone layer filters out UV-rays. Ozone layer is . present in stratosphere. UV-rays causes skin cancer. Range of wavelength of UV-rays ranges between | 200 nm-315 nm |
| Carbon monoxide (CO) is the major harmful gas emitted by automobile vehicles. It reduces the blood’s ability of carry oxygen and its over-exposure may be fatal. CO along with aldehydes is responsible for which phenomenon? | Photochemical Smog |
| A greenhouse gas is a gas in the atmosphere that absorb | emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. |
| causes greenhouse effect. Among methane, water-vapour, Carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, ozone and oxygen, which is not a greenhouse gas? | Oxygen |
| Production rate of chlorophyll decreases by | sulphur dioxide. |
| Itai-itai disease | caused by cadmium. |
| Minimata is a disease occurs due to the pollution of | Methyl Mercury |
| Methyl isocyanate is an intermediate chemical in the production of carbamate pesticides. It is highly toxic and irritating material. Which disaster was occursed due to the leakage of methyl isocyanate | Bhopal Gas Tragedy |
| Aerosols is suspended solid particles in the air. Sulphur dioxide is a pollutant which can damage plants and reduce crop yields. What is the main source of sulphur dioxide in the atmosphere? | Burning of Fossil Fuels |
| Milk contains a sugar which is a disaccharide made by the glycosidic linkage between glucose and galactose. This sugar is | Lactose |
| Cement is the complex mixture of silicate and aluminate of calcium. Gypsum is also present in trace amounts. Role of gypsum in cement is to | Lower the Rate of Setting of Cement |
| Plastics are cross-linked polymers and extremely hard. Polythene and polystyrene are thermoplastics. An example of thermosetting plastic is | Bakelite |
| Natural rubber is an elastic polymer. Its monomer is neo-isoprene.Synthesised rubber (neoprene) is the polymer of | Chloroprene |
| Hardness of rubber is increased by adding carbon black to it. To increase elasticity of rubber, sulphur is added to it and it is heated. This process is known as | Vulcanisation of Rubber |
| Soaps are the sodium and potassium salts of higher fatty acids. Sodium alkyl sulphonate and sodium alkyl benzene sulphonate are | Detergents |
| Glass is an amorphous solid or supercooled liquid. Silica is the main composition of it. Why photochromatic glass becomes black in sunlight? | Due to the Presence of Silver Bromide (AgBr) |
| Major composition of soda or soft glass is sodium calcium silicatewhile that of potash or hard glass is potassiun calcium silicate. Crown glass contains | Barium Oxide (BaO) |
| Flint glass contains lead oxide and used in making prisms, lenses. Jena glass contains B2O3 and Al2O3. It is used in making bottles used in laboratories, why? | It Remains Unaffected from Acid and Base |
| Fertilizers increases the fertility of soil. Calcium nitrate and ammonium sulphate increases the acidity of the soil. The nature of these compounds, is | Basic |
| Calcium super phosphate is | Ca(H2PO4)2 + 2CaSO4.2H2O] |
| .Urea does not affect the pH of soil. It is also called carbamide. Structure of urea is | NH2CONH2 |
| Trinitro toluene is a light yellow crystalline solid. It is an explosive. Trinitrophenol is called picric acid. What is used in mining extraction? | Blasting Gelatin |
| Thyroxine is an iodine containing hormone. Which factor is responsible for the yellowness in the colour of cow’s milk? | Kerotine |
| Sodium thiosulphate solution is used in photography as a fixer since, it removes undecomposed Ag, Br as a soluble silver thiosulphate complex. What is the formula of sodium thiosulphate? | Na2S2O3 |
| Titanium is used in making boats because it does not corrode by sea water. Contact lenses are made from lucite. It is a polymer of | Methyl Methacrylate |
| Tanks used by suba divers are filled with air diluted with helium because helium is not soluble in blood even at higher temperature. This property is absent in | Nitrogen |
| Polyacrylonitrile or orlon is used as a substitute for wool in making synthetic blankets, sweaters, etc. It is a polymer of acrylonitrile or vinyl cyanide. Polymer used in making non-stick cookwares, is | Teflon |
| CFL, also called energy saving light, is a type of flourescent lamp. It contains mercury which complicates its disposal. Which toxic substances are present in polymers? | Pthalates |
| Red (glass Colour) | Copper oxide(Used Substance) |
| Green(glass Colour) | Chromium oxide(Used Substance) |
| Violet(glass Colour) | Manganese oxide(Used Substance) |
| Blue (glass Colour) | Cobalt oxide(Used Substance) |
| Brown (glass Colour) | Ferrous oxide(Used Substance) |
Created by:
dhanalakshmi
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