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chemistry
atomic stucture and radioactivity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atom of an element is the smallest particle that cannot exist in free state in nature. First atomic theory states that atom is indivisible. Who propounded this theory? | John Dalton (1803) |
| The fundamental particles of an atom are Electrons, Protons and Neutrons. Electrons and protons are negative and positively charged particles respectively, and the neutrons are | Neutral |
| Electrons were discovered byJJ Thomson.Its mass is equivalent to the 1/1850th part of the atomic weight of hydrogen. In which year, electron was discovered? | 1897 |
| Electrons revolve around the nucleus. The number of protons is equal to the number of electrons (atomic number) which makes the atom neutral. The effective radius,of atom is | 10^–10 m |
| A famous scientist ‘Nells Bohr’ introduced the Quantum Concept to explain the stability of atom. It is applicable to micro bodies. In which year, he proposed this concept? | 1913 |
| Electronic arrangement of electrons in various drbits is based on Bohr-Burry Scheme. The maximum number of etectrons in any orbit, is | 2n^2 |
| Aufbau’s Principle explains the order of filling up the atomic orbitals and the principle of forming the atomic structure of the elements with the electrons. Aufbau is a German word which means | To Build |
| Which particle is not the part of an atom? | Photons |
| Quantum number is a set of four numbers through which the position of electrons and their respective energies in various shells, sub-shells or orbitals are known. The four quantum numbers are— | Principal, Azimuthal, Magnetic and Spin Quantum Number |
| JJ Thomson determined the ratio of electrical charge (e) to the mass of electron (me).He also proposed the model of atom. It states that atom is spherical- shaped in which positive charge is uniformly distributed. This model is also called as | Plum-pudding/Raisin-fuddinglWatermelon Model |
| Isotopes have equal atomic numbers but different mass numbers. Hydrogen has three isotopes—Protium (1H1), Deuterium1H2 or 1D2) and Tritium (1H3 or 1T3). Which of these three isotopes is radioactive in nature? | Tritium |
| The number of neutrons is same in Isotones, while the number of electrons is same in Isoelectronics. 15P31 and 14Si30 are isotones. Give an example of isoelectronics. | Na+, Mg2 + and F– (Each has 10 Electrons) |
| Electronic configuration helps in identifying the nature of an element. Atomic number of an element does not helps in determining the | Number of Neutrons in Nucleus |
| Hydrogen has only one proton, helium has two protons and two neutrons in the nucleus. The order of filling electrons in the orbitals takes place according to the | Aufbau’s Principle |
| Henry Becquerel discovered the phenomenon of Radioactivity. It is a nuclear phenomenon and it occurs due to the nuclear unstability of the atoms. In which year, Becquerel discovered it? | 1896 |
| Willard Libby and his fellows developed a radiometric dating method known as | Radiocarban Dating. |
| Radiocarban Dating uses the naturally occurring radioisotope carbon- 14 to estimate the age of carbon-bearing materials up to about 58000 to 62000 years. Libby belongs to which country? | The USA |
| Mass number of an element is the total number of | protons and neutrons. |
| In carbon-12, the 12 refers to the mass number and it contains 6 protons. The number of neutrons in it are | Six |
| Thorium is a naturally occurring radioactive element, named after the Norse God of Thunder. Its half-life is | 14.05 Billion Years |
| Otto Hahn, a German chemist, got Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1944 for his discovery of the fission of heavy atomic nuclei. He is the Father of Nuclear Chemistry. Which explosive he invented? | Atom Bomb |
| Radioactivity is measured in | Geieger Counter. |
| Geieger Counter units are | Becquerel, Curie, Rutherford |
| . 1 Curie | 3.7 ×10^10 disintegration/sec, |
| 1 Rutherford | 10^6 disintegration/ sec |
| 1 Becquerel is equalto | 1 disintegration/sec |
| Isotope of cobalt is used in the | treatment of brain tumour. |
| Radioactive sodium is used to | check the flow of blood in the body. |
| Which disease is diagnosed by using radioactive iron? | Anaemia |
| The number of neutrons in 92U238 is | 146 |
| Substance & Series Thorium 4n | Parental Element &Final Stable Product 90Th232 82Pb208 |
| Substance & Series Neptunium 4n + 1 | Parental Element &Final Stable Product 93Nb237 83Bi209 |
| Substance & Series Uranium 4n + 2 | Parental Element &Final Stable Product 92U238 82Pb207 |
| Substance & Series Actinium 4n+3 | Parental Element &Final Stable Product 92U235 82Pb207 |
Created by:
dhanalakshmi
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