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ch. 4 hw
micro
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| which of the following structures is NOT found in all bacteria | capsule |
| Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-enclosed organelles | all bacteria contain cytoplasm, ribosomes, a plasma membrane, and a nucleoid. Almost all bacteria have cell walls |
| which of the following statements regarding prokaryotic fimbriae is true | fimbriae may occur either at the poles of a bacterial cell, or can be evenly distributed over the entire surface. |
| which of these is true regarding plasmids? | Prokaryotic plasmids may carry genes that provide antibiotic resistance to the cell. |
| what is the mechanism of action of penicillin in a prokaryotic cell? | Penicillin weakens the cell wall. |
| Tumbles occur when | the flagella rotate clockwise |
| which of the following types of bacterial cells would have only a single flagellum? | Monotrichous |
| pentrichous bacteria make a run when? | the flagella turn counterclockwise and become bundled. |
| Which of the following types of bacterial cell walls would have flagella located at only one end of the cell? | |
| which of the following statements about bacterial flagella is true? | can rotate 360° |
| taxis are | movement toward or away from a stimulus |
| which of the following terms refers to a bacterium? | positive phototaxis |
| as bacterium approaches a food source, one would expect | runs to become more frequent |
| why are receptors on the cell surface necessary for bacterial movement? | the receptors sense the stimulus and send signals to the flagella. |
| which of the following is an example of bacterial motility? | a bacterium moving towards a food source. |
| axial filaments are found on | spirochetes |
| which of the following statements accurately describes a difference between gram positive and gram negative cells? | only gram negative cells have lipolysaccharide (LPS) layer |
| which of the following statements accurately describes specific bacterial cell walls? | In gram negative bacteria, the thin layer of peptidoglycan is surrounded by an external membrane made out of phospholipids (LPS) and proteins |
| which statement accurately describes the structure of the plasma membrane? | the plasma membrane is a phospholipid bilayer with the hydrophilic groups oriented toward the inside and outside of the cell. |
| which of the following osmosis is true? | if a cell is in a hypertonic solution, water leaves the cell in an attempt to balance to concentration of solutes and reach equilibrium. |
| which is the correct series of events that occur during endospore formation? pg. 96 | 1.spore septum begins to isolate newly replicated DNA and a small portion of cytoplasm. 2. plasma membrane starts to surround DNA. 3. spore septum surrounds isolated portion forming forespore. 4. peptidoglycan layer forms between membranes. 5 spore coat f |
| which type of solution would cause a bacterium with a weak or damaged cell wall to burst as water moves into the cell? | hypotonic solution |
| why is ATP necessary for active transport? | y ATP provides energy to transfer material against its concentration gradient |
| which type of active transport protein moves two molecules at the same time? | symport |
| which transport protein employs transporters that move molecules only in one direction? | Uniport and symport |
| which molecule shown in the animation, the square or the circle, is moving against its concentration gradient? | both the circle and the square. |
| which type of the following molecules would be blocked by a cell membrane? | ions |
| hydrophobic molecules would enter a cell | by passive transport directly across the membrane |
| what is the hallmark of passive transport across the cell membranes? | it occurs along an electrochemical gradient, and may involve the use of transport proteins. |
| a positively charged sodium ion | would require the use of integral protein channels to pass through a cell membrane |
| which of the following regarding active transport is false? | it powers the diffusion of water across the cell membrane |
| what makes phospholipid membranes good at keeping some molecules out, and allowing others to freely pass? | they have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions |
| integral proteins are mostly involved in | transport function |
| how does water enter and exit a cell? | by simple diffusion or by use of integral transport protein |
| a glycoprotein | is a type of peripheral protein above that can be used as a receptor or in enzymatic functions |
| why is no energy required in passive transport?> | the concentration gradient drives the movement |
| once equilibrium is reached | molecules move, but there is no net movement |
| which of the following wouldn't move freely across the cytoplasmic membrane? | positively charged hydrogen ions. |
Created by:
amberhomsany