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ch 29
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| smooth muscle cells that guard the entrance to capillaries | precapillary sphincters |
| carry blood to the heart | veins |
| carry blood into the venules | capillaries |
| carry blood away from the heart | arteries |
| outermost layers of arteries and veins | tunica externa |
| capillary that has a large lumen and more tortuous course than other capillary vessels | sinusoid |
| endothelium | tunica intima |
| Veins are the only blood vessels to contain semilunar valves. T or F? | True |
| The walls of veins are much thicker than those of arteries. T or F? | False |
| Arteries become progressively smaller as blood flows away from the heart and into branches feeding other areas of the body. T or F? | True |
| Arteries are often referred to as capacitance vessels. T or F? | False. veins are referred to capacitance vessels |
| The aorta carries blood out of the: | left ventricle |
| The superior vena cava returns blood to the: | right atrium |
| Blood returns from the lungs during pulmonary circulation via the: | pulmonary veins. |
| The hepatic portal circulation serves the body by: | removing excess glucose and storing it in the liver as glycogen, detoxifying blood, and assisting the body to maintain proper blood glucose |
| Which of the following is not an artery? femoral, popliteal, coronary, or inferior vena cava | inferior vena cava |
| Blood flow from the heart to all parts of the body and back again is known as ________________ ____________________. | systemic circulation |
| Small vessels join the anterior and posterior arteries to form an arterial circle at the base of the brain known as the _______________ _______________ _______________. | cerebral arterial circle (of Willis) |
| _________________ are the ultimate extensions of capillaries. | veins |
| When blood is in the capillaries of abdominal digestive organs, it must flow through the _________________ __________________ _____________________. | hepatic portal circulation |
| If either hepatic portal circulation or venous return from the liver is interfered with, a condition known as ___________________________ may occur. | ascites |
| Many arteries have corresponding _______________ _______________ with the same name. | veins |
| The structure used to bypass the liver in the fetal circulation is the: | ductus venosus |
| The foramen ovale serves the fetal circulation by: | shunting blood from the right atrium directly into the left atrium |
| The structure used to connect the aorta and pulmonary artery in the fetal circulation is the: | ductus arteriosus |
| Two ___________ ____________carry circulation to the placenta, and one ________ _____________ returns blood from the placenta | umbilical arteries, umbilical vein |
| The __________ _____________ contracts as soon as respiration is established and eventually turns into a fibrous cord. | ductus arteriosus |
| ______ The mixing of fetal and maternal blood occurs in the placenta. T or F? | True |
| ______ Almost all fetal blood is a mixture of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. T or F? | True |
| heart attack | myocardial infarction |
| decreased blood supply to a tissue | ischemia |
| tissue death | necrosis |
| necrosis that has progressed to decay | gangrene |
| “hardening of the arteries” | arteriosclerosis |
| a section of an artery that has become abnormally widened | aneurysm |
| varicose veins in the rectum | hemorrhoids |
| vein inflammation | phlebitis |
| clot formation | thrombus |
| cerebral vascular accident | stroke |
| PCI that uses lasers, drills, or spinning loops of wire to clear the way for normal blood flow | atherectomies |
| metal springs or mesh tubes inserted in narrowed arteries to hold them open | stents |
| Hemorrhoids can best be described as: | varicose veins in the rectum |
| Smooth muscle in blood vessels is located in the: | tunica media |
| Structures that control the direction of blood returning to the heart are: | valves |
| The large veins of the cranial cavity, formed by the dura mater, are not usually called veins but are instead called: | Sinuses |
| The circle of Willis is an example of an anastomosis. T or F? | True |
| The walls of the arteries are much thicker than the veins. T or F? | True |
| The innermost layer of a blood vessel is the tunica intima. T or F? | True |
| The thoracic and abdominal aorta compose the internal iliac. T or F? | False |
| Precapillary sphincters are located within venules. T or F? | False |
| largest artery | aorta |
| potential result of alcohol entering the fetal blood | FAS |
| leg vein | great saphenous vein |
| fetal circulation | foramen ovale |
| arterial procedure | angioplasty |
| vein inflammation | phlebitis |
| lung circulation | pulmonary |
| weakened artery | aneurysm |
| large vein that returns venous blood to the heart | vena cava |
| the eventual extension of arteries | capillaries |
Created by:
alucero