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Micro (state board)

QuestionAnswer
Contact Direct contact- transfer from one person to another; indirect contact- transfer through intermediate object (fomite) or person
Droplet Transmitted through droplets propelled. Into the air by coughing, sneezing, or talking. Distance < 3 ft
Airborne Spread of droplet nuclei (evaporated droplets that can remain suspended in the ribs for long periods of time)
Standard Precautions Wash hands and gloves
Contact precautions Gloves, gown
Droplet precautions Gloves, gown, mask, and eye shield
Airborne precautions Gloves, gown, eye shield, N95 mask
PPE for all precautions Wash hands and wear gloves
Nosocomial Healthcare Associated infection
HAP Hospital Acquired Pneumonia
VAP Ventilator Acquired Pneumonia
CAP Community Acquired Pneumonia
Disinfection destroys all pathogenic organisms except bacterial spores
Sterlization Destroys all microorganisms, including spores
Antiseptic Disinfectant that can be applied to the skin
Humans Primary source of infection
Handwashing For15 sec; best way to prevent spread of infection
Autoclave Sterlization technique; normal settings: 15 psi, 121* C , 15 min, most efficient, ventilator bacteria filters are mostly autoclaved
Ethylene Oxide Gas; ETO Low temp sterilization; must allow aerate for 8 hours at 60* C, or 7 days. Hazardous: airway inflammation, nausea, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, convulsions
Gluteraldehyde High-level disinfection or sterilization depending on exposure. Two types Alkaline Gluteraldehyde (cidex and sporacidin) and Acid Gluteraldehyde (sonacide)
Incinearation For contaminated disposable items
Irradiation Gamma rays used to sterilize
Pasteurization Immersion in water 70* C, 30min
Antiseptics Alcohol, iodine, 5% acetic acid (vinegar) Disinfectants
Sodium chlorite Bleach ( 1:10 bleach solution to clean blood spills and equipment surfaces)
Acetic Acid 1:3 solution for home clean and very affected against pesudomonas
Pseudomonas Most frequently responsible for contamination of respiratory equipment, especially aerosol or water containing devices
Created by: Edi8612
 

 



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