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The cortex layer of the hair structure is responsible for the hair’s length and texture.
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The term pH is an abbreviation used for potential hydrogen.
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Chapter 20
Chemical Texture Services
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The cortex layer of the hair structure is responsible for the hair’s length and texture. | False |
| The term pH is an abbreviation used for potential hydrogen. | True |
| Salt bonds can be broken by water, whereas disulfide bonds are broken by changes in pH. | False |
| In permanent waving, the size of the rod determines the size of the curl. | True |
| In permanent waving, the size of the rod determines the size of the curl. | False |
| On-base placement minimizes stress and tension on the hair. | False |
| Alkaline waves are also known as cold waves. | True |
| Ammonia-free waves use an ingredient other than ATG, such as cysteamine or mercaptamine. | False |
| The strength of any permanent wave is based on the concentration of its reducing agent. | True |
| The most common neutralizer is hydrogen peroxide. | True |
| The curvature permanent wrap uses zigzag partings to divide base areas. | False |
| Japanese thermal straightening combines use of a thio relaxer with flat ironing. | True |
| Hair that has been treated with a hydroxide relaxer is unfit for permanent waving and will not hold a curl. | True |
| Keratin straightening treatments work by breaking side bonds. | False |
| The process of chemically altering the natural wave pattern of hair is: | chemical texture services |
| The range of numbers used in the pH scale is: | 0-14 |
| Chemical hair texturizers temporarily raise the pH of the hair in order to: | soften and swell the shaft |
| In the restructuring process, coarse, resistant hair with a strong compact cuticle requires a chemical solution that is: | highly alkaline |
| Chemical side bonds formed when two sulfur-type chains are joined together are: | disulfide bonds |
| Hydrogen bonds are easily broken by water or heat and are re-formed when the hair is: | dried |
| In permanent waving, the shape and type of curl are determined by the shape and type of rod and the: | wrapping method |
| Rods that are equal in diameter along their entire length or curling area are: | straight rods |
| The wrapping technique that provides the most control over hair ends is the: | double flat wrap |
| All perm wraps begin by sectioning the hair into: | Panels |
| In permanent waving, panels of hair are divided into smaller subsections called: | base sections |
| Caution should be used with on-base rod placement to avoid additional: | stress and tension on hair |
| The angle at which a permanent wave rod is positioned on the head is referred to as: | base direction |
| The two methods of wrapping the hair around a perm rod are: | croquignole and spiral |
| In the croquignole method of wrapping, the hair is wound from: | ends to scalp |
| Once in the cortex, the waving solution breaks the disulfide bonds through a chemical reaction called: | reduction |
| In permanent waving, the reduction reaction is due to the addition of: | hydrogen |
| The most common reducing agents used are: | thioglycolic acids |
| The active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline permanent waves is: | ammonium thioglycolate |
| Most alkaline permanent waves have a pH between: | 9.0 and 9.6 |
| The main active ingredient in true acid and acid-balanced waving lotions is: | glyceryl monothioglycolate |
| All acid waves have three components consisting of the permanent waving lotion, neutralizer, and: | activator |
| Most acid waves used in salons have a pH value between: | 7.8 and 8.2 |
| Exothermic waves create a chemical reaction that heats the waving solution and speeds up: | processing |
| Waves that are activated from an outside heat source are considered: | endothermic |
| Hair that has too many disulfide bonds broken and will not hold a firm curl is considered: | overprocessed |
| The process that stops the action of permanent wave solution and rebuilds the hair into its new form is: | thio neutralization |
| Base sections are offset from each other row by row, to prevent noticeable splits, in which wrapping pattern? | bricklay permanent wrap |
| The double-rod wrap technique is also called the: | piggyback wrap |
| The process of rearranging the basic structure of curly hair into a straighter or smoother form is: | chemical hair relaxing |
| The active ingredient in all hydroxide relaxers is the: | hydrogen ion |
| Hydroxide relaxers remove a sulfur atom from a disulfide bond, converting it into a(n): | lanthionine bond |
| Relaxers that contain only one component and are used without mixing are: | metal hydroxide relaxers |
| Sodium hydroxide relaxers are commonly called: | lye relaxers |
| Relaxers are often marketed and sold as no mix–no lye relaxers are: | potassium hydroxide relaxers |
| Relaxers that contain two components and must be mixed immediately prior to use are: | guanidine hydroxide relaxers |
| Hydroxide relaxers that do not require the application of a protective base are: | no-base relaxers |
| The difference in the strength of most chemical hair relaxers is determined by the concentration of: | hydroxide |
| During a relaxer strand test, hair that is pressed to the scalp and continues to curl is: | insufficiently relaxed |
| The application for chemical relaxers should be started in the most resistant area, usually the: | back of head |
| Conditioner with an acidic pH that restores the hair’s natural pH after a hydroxide relaxer is: | normalizing lotion |
| A combination of a thio relaxer and a thio permanent wrapped on large rods is a: | soft curl permanent |
| Chemical services should not be performed if the scalp analysis shows any signs of: | abrasions |
| Hair that is treated with hydroxide relaxers must not be treated with: | thio relaxers |
| Most common type of perm rod | Concave rod |
| Also known as the circle rod | Loop rod |
| Tough exterior layer of the hair | Cuticle |
| Compound made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen nitrogen, and sulfur | Amino acid |
| Long, coiled polypeptide chains | Keratin proteins |
| Permanent waves that have a 7.0 or neutral pH | Acid-balanced waves |
| Hair is wrapped at an angle other than perpendicular to the length of the rod | Spiral perm wrap |
| Also known as a straight set wrap | Basic permanent wrap |
Created by:
mztina216