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ch.24
Question | Answer |
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Which of the following statements about cycling within an ecosystem is FALSE? | Energy flows in two directions in an ecosystem. |
The physical, chemical, and biological processes that link the biotic and abiotic worlds in an ecosystem are known as | ecosystem processes. |
Almost all life on Earth is directly or indirectly dependent on | solar energy. |
Other than the polar tundra, the LEAST productive biomes tend to be | deserts. |
The marine ecosystem with the lowest net primary productivity is | the open ocean. |
In marine ecosystems, net primary productivity tends to be | greater along shorelines where terrestrial nutrients enter the marine environment. |
Net primary productivity on land | tends to decrease from the equator toward the poles. |
Which of the following series best represents the energy flow in an ecosystem? | sun à producer à consumer à heat |
Which of the following would use the highest percentage of net primary productivity? | decomposers |
Once an organic molecule enters a metabolic pathway, a significant percentage of its energy | is lost as unrecoverable heat. |
Which of the following groups of organisms would NOT be considered consumers? | photosynthesizers |
Nutrients that have an atmospheric cycle | may be affected by events that occur in distant parts of the globe. |
According to the figure above, what is the inorganic reservoir where phosphorus is unavailable? | ocean sediments |
Eutrophication can eventually lead to | a decrease in dissolved oxygen in a water ecosystem. |
The dead zone that develops in the Gulf of Mexico forms because the large amounts of nitrogen from fertilizers and sewage carried by the Mississippi River | ead eventually to large bacterial populations that deplete deeper waters of oxygen |
Cutting a forest to produce paper bags that are quickly discarded could be considered shortsighted; with the majority of its trees removed, the forest will | experience a significant loss of nutrients as nutrients leech through the soil and into nearby waterways. |
Humans have harmed hemlock populations by | logging hemlock groves |
Carbon dioxide makes up approximately ________ percent of Earth’s atmosphere. | 0.04 |
This graph shows the rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels over the past 200 years. How did scientists obtain the data? | from direct measurements taken at the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii, and from measuring air bubbles trapped in ice |
Humans first began to burn fossil fuels in large amounts during the Industrial Revolution. Based on the atmospheric carbon dioxide levels shown in this graph, approximately when did the Industrial Revolution begin? | 1800 |
Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are increasing because | human activities have begun to release carbon that was formerly sequestered in fossil fuels into the atmosphere. |
Which of the following phenomena is NOT evidence of global warming? | The frequency of severe weather and the length of storm seasons have decreased. |
Increased agricultural productivity in the northern latitudes is expected to be a consequence of global warming because | the increased temperatures will lead to a longer growing season. |
This graph indicates that global temperatures have | tended to increase, especially in the last 40 years. |