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Chapter 9
Communism and Postcommunism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following has served as a major source of attraction for followers of communism? | the promise of economic equality |
| The individual primarily associated with articulating the political theory of communism is: | Karl Marx |
| For Marx, which of the following was most important for explaining all human action? | economics |
| The __________ is the name of Marx chose for the system of economic production, including the level of technology (the "means of production"). | base |
| Which of the following statements about religions and their contribution to new identities around the world is accurate? | The Chinese governments has tried to battle religious growth by promoting Confucian ideals and practices |
| Marx's name for all human institutions, including religion, the state, politics, and gender, is the: | superstructure |
| Which of the following is an accurate description of some component of communist government in the Soviet Union? | Some unions were allowed to operate outside the state, though they were linked to the Communist Party. |
| Which of the following statements about communism in China under Mao is accurate? | Mao sought to destroy the power of the party-state in order to expand the Communist regime |
| The term used to describe Marx's conception of historical change is: | dialectical materialism |
| The bourgeoisie are the: | property-owning middle class. |
| For most of his career, Marx generally argued that communist revolution was most likely in: | countries where capitalism was most advanced |
| Marx argued that once socialism had triumphed, the state would eventually: | wither away |
| In which of the following ways has China's transition from the communist model differed from that of Russia? | It has sought economic change with little or no political change. |
| For Marxists, socialism represents: | a transitional phase before communism |
| How have current governments in Russia and China responded to growing nationalism in their countries? | They have promoted nationalism as a means of maintaining legitimacy. |
| Lenin's term for those who would need to carry out revolution in a less advanced country is the: | vanguard of the proletariat |
| One of the challenges in putting Marx's ideas into practice has been that: | he left no specific outline for how communism would be built |
| In which of the following ways did Lenin's beliefs about communism differ from those of Marx? | He argued that revolutions could take place in less advanced countries. |
| The "cabinet" of the Communist Party as developed in the Soviet Union is generally known as the: | Politburo. |
| Postcommunist economic reform has been most successful in: | Eastern Europe and the Baltics |
| Politically sensitive or influential jobs in the state, reserved for people approved by the Communist Party as developed in the Soviet Union, as known as: | nomenklatura |
| Which of the following represented the chief executive position in a communist country based on the Soviet model? | general secretary |
| Which of the following best describes the role of political parties in communist countries based on the Soviet model? | The state is dominated by a single Communist Party |
| Which of the following statements about the privatization and marketization of countries transitioning form communism is accurate? | Inflation and hyperinflation were fears of those that advocated a gradual approach to marketization |
| Which of the following statements about gender and LGBT rights and equality in former communist or eastern European countries is accurate? | While some Central European states allow for same-sex partnerships, discrimination against the LGBT community has actually grown in Russia and Central Asia. |
| Which of the following statements about central planning is accurate? | It proved unable to create strong worker incentives |
| Under communism, ethnicity and nationalism were: | suppressed |
| How did Marxist theory change the lives of women in most communist countries? | Women were given greatly expanding workforce and educational opportunities. |
| Gorbachev's perestroika was concerned with: | institutional economic and political reform |
| In which of the following ways do postcommunist success stories like Hungary, Poland, and the Czech Republic differ from countries with less successful records like Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, and Serbia? | They have a greater precommunist history of healthy civil society |
Created by:
eadsh15