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Rules: Ox. States
Rules for oxidation states, chpt 4.
Question | Answer |
---|---|
1. free... | 1. free elements have an oxidation state = 0 ex. Na = 0 and Cl2 = 0 in 2 Na(s) + Cl2(g) |
2. monoatomic... | 2. monoatomic ions have an oxidation state equal to their charge ex. Na = +1 and Cl = -1 in NaCl |
3a. the sum (not polyatomic)... | 3a. the sum of the oxidation states of all the atoms in a compound is 0 |
3b. the sum (polyatomic)... | 3b. the sum of the oxidation states of all the atoms in a polyatomic ion equals the charge of the ion. ex. N = +5 and O = -2 in NO3 -1, (+5) + 3(-2) = -1 |
4a. Group I... | 4a. Group I metals have an oxidation state of +1 in all their compounds |
4b. Group II... | 4b. Group II metals have an oxidation state of +2 in all their compounds |
5. in their compounds, nonmetals... | 5. in their compounds, nonmetals have oxidation states according to the table below (higher takes priority) F -1, H +1, O -2, Group 7A -1, Group 6A -2, Group 5A -3 |