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Chp. 15 Review Qs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The study of fact and mechanisms of disease frequency and spread within a population | Epidemiology |
| The relative number of individuals affected by a particular disease during a set period of time within a given population | Morbidity |
| Worldwide spread of an infectious disease | Pandemic |
| An infectious disease that occurs in a random and unpredictable manner | Sporadic |
| An epidemic that arises from horizontal transmission and where the number of cases slowly rises and falls is said to be what type? | Propagated epidemic |
| An epidemiologist that studies the number of cases of a disease, those segments of the population affect envy a disease and the locations and time periods of a disease deals with what type of epidemiology? | Descriptive |
| All of the following are important when considering a descriptive epidemiological study except | Cause and effect relationships of disease cases |
| An epidemiological study that tests a hypothesis is referred to as what type of study | Experimental |
| Mortality rate is typically expressed as | Number of deaths from disease per 100,000 peopl in the population per year |
| A non-medical substance that has no effect on an individual, but the individual believes is a real treatment is known as a | Placebo |
| The total number of people infected within a population at a given times is the | Prevalence |
| The incidence rate of chick n pic in the United States | Shows a season variation |
| Factors that increase the likelihood of an epidemic include All of the following except | Access to medical care |
| An index case | Refers to the first case of an infectious disease outbreak to be identified |
| A disease the breaks out in explosive proportions within a population is called | Epidemic |
| A site where microorganisms can persist and thus maintain the ability to cause infection | Reservoir |
| An infection in which the signs and symptoms are not recognized readily because they are too mild | Subclinical infection |
| An infectious disease in which transmission can occur during the incubation period of disease is considered to be: | Communicable |
| A common portal of entry for microorganisms is/are | Mucous membranes |
| All of the following infections diseases can occur in the fetus when the causative agents cross the placenta except | Pneumonia |
| Pathogenic microorganisms that are spread from person to person by unwashed hands contaminated by fecal matter is an example of what mode of transmission? | Direct transmission |
| Transmission of pathogens from person to person via sneezing, coughing or by the affected individual speaking near a susceptible individual are examples of what mode of transmission? | Droplet transmission |
| Waterborne transmission of pathogens involving water contaminated by raw sewage is an example of what mode of transmission? | Indirect fecal-oral |
| Pathogens are mainly transients from soul, water, plants or animals usually follow what mode of disease transmission? | Airborne |
| Which of the following pertain to food borne transmission of infectious agents | Unsanitary food preparation |
| Sexually transmitted diseases are most often spread by what mode of transmission | Direct contact |
| In herd immunity, we typically try to get, via vaccination, 90% of the population _____ while no more than 10% is _____ to an infectious disease. | Immune, susceptible |
| Which of the following is not helpful in achieving control of disease transmission? | Propagation of vectors |
| Reservoirs of infections include | Human, vertebrate animals, water and soil |
| Pathogenic microorganisms that enter the body via contaminated food or water typically infect | The digestive system |
| Congenital infectious diseases | Cross the placenta from infected mother to fetus |
| Fomites | Non living objects |
| Herd immunity | Is greatly increased with large-scale immunization program |
| Noticeable diseases | Include diseases that are potentially harmful |
| An infection acquired in the hospital or other medical facility | Nosocomial |
| An opportunistic infection acquired from the individual's own microbiota is | Endogenous |
| Patients in a hospital are typically more susceptible to infections than individuals in the general population and are considered to be | Compromised |
| Which of the following does not contribute to the acquisition of nosocomial infections? | Proper sanitation |
| All ofntjemfollowingnprevrntnand control nosocomial infections except | Contamination in hemodialysis equipment |
| Droplet nuclei | Consists of wet or dried mucous |
Created by:
lmartinez0929