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Sociology 9, 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A group whose inherited physical characteristics distinguish it from other groups. | Race |
| The annihilation or attempted annihilation of people because of their presumed race or ethnicity. | Genocide |
| Having distinctive cultural characteristics. | Ethnicity |
| People who are singled out for unequal treatment and who regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination. | Minority group |
| The group with the most power, greatest privileges, and highest social status. | Dominant group. |
| Activities designed to discover, enhance, maintain, or transmit an ethnic or racial identity. | Ethnic work |
| An act of unfair treatment directed against an individual or group. | Discrimination |
| Prejudice and discrimination on the basis of race. | Racism |
| An attitude or prejudging, usually in a negative way. | Prejudice |
| Person-to-person or face-to-face discrimination; the negative treatment of people by other individuals. | Individual discrimination |
| Negative treatment of a minority group that is built into a society's institutions; also called systemic discrimination. | Institutional discrimination |
| An individual or group unfairly blamed for someone else's troubles. | Scapegoat |
| Theodor Adorno's term for people who are prejudiced and rank high on scales of conformity, intolerance, insecurity, respect for authority, and submissiveness to superiors. | Authoritarian personality |
| Workers split along racial--ethnic, gender, age, or any other lines; this split is exploited by owners to weaken the bargaining power of workers. | Split labor market |
| The unemployed; unemployed workers are thought of as being "in reserve"-- capitalists take them "out of reserve" during times of night production and put them "back in reserve" when they are no longer needed. | Reserve labor forces |
| Seeing certain features of an object or situation, but remaining blind to others. | Selective perception |
| To separate acts from feelings or attitudes | Compartmentalize |
| The forced transfer of a minority group. | Population transfer |
| A policy of eliminating a population; includes forcible expulsion and genocide | Ethnic cleansing |
| The policy of exploiting minority groups for economic gain. | Internal colonialism |
| The policy of keeping racial-ethnic groups apart. | Segregation |
| The process of being absorbed into the mainstream culture. | Assimilation |
| A policy that permits or encourages ethnic differences. | Multiculturalism |
| White Anglo-Saxon Protestant | WASP |
| White immigrants to the United States whose cultures differ from WASP culture | White ethnics |
| The sense that better conditions are soon to follow, which, if unfulfilled, increases frustration. | Rising expectations |
| Males' and females' unequal access to property, power, and prestige. | Gender stratification |
| Biological character that distinguish females and males, consisting of primary and secondary sex characteristics. | Sex |
| The behaviors and attitudes that a society considers proper for its males and females; masculinity or femininity. | Gender |
| Men-as-a-group dominating women-as-a-group; authority is vested in males. | Patriarchy |
| The philosophy that men and women should be politically, economically, and socially equal; organized activities on behalf of this principle. | Feminism |
| The mostly invisible barrier that keeps women from advancing to the top levels at work. | Glass ceiling |
| The abuse of one's position of authority to force unwanted sexual demands on someone. | Sexual harassment |
| The maximum length of life of a species; for humans, the longest that a human has lived. | Life span |
| The number of years that an average person at any age, including newborns, can expect to live. | Life expectancy |
| The growing percentage of older people in the U.S. population. | Graying of America |
| Prejudice and discrimination directed against people because of their age; can be directed against any age group, including youth. | Ageism |
| People born at roughly the same time who pass through the life course together. | Age cohort |
| The view that society is stabilized by having the elderly retire from their positions of responsibility so the younger generation can step into their shoes. | Disengagement theory |
| The view that satisfaction during old age is related to a person's amount and quality of activity. | Activity theory |
| A theory focusing on how people adjust to retirement by continuing aspects of their earlier lives. | Continuity theory |
Created by:
bethany.metzger