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Nuclear Chemistry

QuestionAnswer
Alpha Particle Emitted in alpha decay; low penetrating power
Beta Particle Intermediate penetrating power
Gamma Radiation High electromagnetic radiation
Positron Mass of an electron; positive charge
Radioisotope Radioactive material; unstable
Band of Stability Region where nucleus is stable in n:p ratio; 1:1-1.5:1 ratio
Transmutation Changing one element to another
Radioactive Decay Series The number of reactions to make an unstable nucleus stable
Half-life The time it takes for half of a sample to decay
Carbon Dating Using carbon-14 to determine the age of something
Fission Heavy particle splits into two or more smaller particles; nuclear reactor; releases energy
Fusion Two lighter particles form a heavier particle; sun; releases energy
Control Rods Absorbs neutrons in nuclear reactors; determines control rate of reaction
Geiger Counter Measures radioactivity levels
Atomic Bomb "Little Boy", "Fat Man", uranium or plutonium fission device
Hydrogen Bomb Fission-fusion-fission; 1000x more powerful than atomic bomb
Neutron Bomb Kill all living things; leave buildings and roads intact
Mass Defect Difference in mass of nucleus vs. mass of nucleons
Binding Energy Energy holding nucleons together in nucleus
Mass Number Sum of protons and neutrons
Atomic Number Number of protons; upper-right in box on periodic table
CERN Largest particle accelerator, large hadron collider, France and Switzerland, mostly underground, study matter, subatomic particles, and the big bang theory
Nuclear Reactor Device that produces energy from uranium fission
Created by: archergirl
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