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After four years of college, you can become a dermatologist.
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The skin of an average adult weighs about 6 to 9 pounds.
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Chapter 7
Skin Structure and Growth
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| After four years of college, you can become a dermatologist. | False |
| The skin of an average adult weighs about 6 to 9 pounds. | True |
| The highly sensitive dermis layer of connective tissue is about 10 times thicker than the epidermis. | False |
| Melanin provides the skin with enough sun protection to prevent skin damage. | False |
| Vitamins such as A, C, D, and E have been shown to have positive effects on the skin’s health when taken by mouth. | True |
| The medical branch of science that deals with the study of the skin, its functions and diseases, is: | dermatology |
| The largest organ of the human body is the: | Skin |
| The surface of healthy skin is slightly: | Acidic |
| Continued pressure on any part of the skin causes it to thicken and develop into a(n): | Callus |
| The outermost and thinnest layer of the skin is the: | epidermis |
| The epidermis layer of the skin is also known as the: | cuticle layer |
| The layer of skin that we see and is treated by the practitioner is the: | corneum |
| The clear, transparent layer just under the stratum corneum that consists of small cells through which light can pass is the: | stratum lucidum |
| The deepest layer of the epidermis, the basal cell layer, is also known as the: | stratum germinativum |
| The stratum germinativum is composed of several layers with special cells that produce a dark skin pigment called: | melanin |
| The underlying or inner layer of the skin, which is also called the derma corium, cutis, or true skin, is the: | dermis |
| The muscle that causes goose bumps when a person is frightened or cold is the: | arrector pili muscle |
| The dermis layer is made up of two layers, which are the: | papillary and reticular |
| The top of the papillary layer where it joins the epidermis is the: | epidermal–dermal junction |
| The layer of the dermis that houses the nerve endings which provide the body with the sense of touch is found in the: | papillary layer |
| The deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients is the: | reticular layer |
| Fatty tissue found below the dermis is: | subcutaneous tissue |
| Which type of nerve fibers carry impulses from the brain to the muscles? | motor |
| The tiny grains of pigment deposited in cells that provide skin with its color are: | melanin |
| The melanin produced by the body that is red to yellow in color is: | pheomelanin |
| The fibrous protein that gives skin its flexibility and helps skin regain its shape after being expanded is: | elastin |
| Oil glands that are connected to hair follicles are also called: | sebaceous glands |
| When sebum hardens and the sebaceous duct becomes clogged, the pore impaction that is formed is a: | comedo |
| Which of the following is a function of the skin? a. sensation c. heat regulation b. excretion d. All answers are correct. | All answers are correct. |
| Which vitamin enables the body to properly absorb and use calcium? | vitamin D |
| Water is the number one nutrient of the body and composes what percentage of the body’s weight? | 50 to 70 percent |
| Receptors that send messages to the brain | sensory nerve fibers |
| Produce the dark skin pigment called melanin | melanocytes |
| Fibrous protein that gives the skin form and strength | collagen |
| Fibrous protein that is also the principal component of hair and nails | keratin |
| Small, cone-shaped elevations at the bottom of the hair follicles | dermal papillae |
| Small, round elevation on the skin that contains no fluid but may develop pus | papule |
| The layer of skin directly beneath the epidermis is the ____ | papillary layer |
| What is the correct order of the layers of skin and fat from the outermost layer to the innermost layer? | Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous |
| Cells that are almost dead and pushed to the surface to replace cells are shed from the _____. | stratum corneum |
| Which type of tissue gives smoothness and contour to the body and provides a protective cushion? | Subcutaneous tissue |
| Basic sensations such as touch, pain, heat, cold, and pressure are registered by _____ | nerve endings |
| The amount and type of pigment produced by an individual are determined primarily by his or her _____. a. genes b. gender c. sun exposure d. age | genes |
| Skin gets its strength, form, and flexibility from _____. | collagen and elastin |
| The scalp has larger and deeper _____ than the skin on the rest of the body. | hair follicles |
| To function correctly, the body needs _____ | carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water |
| Small, cone-shaped elevations at the bottom of the hair follicles are _____. | dermal papillae |
| The layer of the epidermis where the process of skin-cell shedding begins is the _____. | stratum spinosum |
| An inflamed pimple containing pus is a _____. | pustule |
| The layer of the epidermis that is composed of cells filled with keratin is the _____. | stratum granulosum |
| A fatty or oily secretion that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of the hair is _____. | sebum |
| The layer of the epidermis also known as the basal cell layer is the _____. | stratum germinativum |
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mztina216