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1. What is the general term for an area of bone that consists of a flat, bony structure?
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2. What is the general term for any type of bony prominence?
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Head & Neck.3
Ch 3 - 1st half-Skeletal system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. What is the general term for an area of bone that consists of a flat, bony structure? | plate |
| 2. What is the general term for any type of bony prominence? | process |
| 3. What is the general term for a relatively large convex bone prominence that is usually involved in joints? | condyle |
| 4. What is the general term for a rounded surface projecting from a bone located by a neck? | head |
| 5. What is the general term for a large, often rough prominence on bone that usually serves as an attachment for muscles or tendons? | tuberosity |
| 6. What is the general term for a bone that is shaped like a bridge, with a bowlike outline? | arch |
| 7. What is the general term for a hornlike prominence on a bone? | cornu |
| 8. What two general terms can be used to describe a rounded elevation on the bony surface? | tubercle or eminence |
| 9. What is a general term for a prominent, often roughened border or ridge on a bone? | crest |
| 10. What is the general term for a small, straight ridge on bone? | line |
| 11. What is a general term for an abrupt prominence on bone that may be blunt or sharply pointed? | spine |
| 12. Name four types of bony depressions and state which one is generally considered deeper (include their plural forms) | 1. Incisura 2 notch 3sulcus (plural, sulci) 4 fossa (plural, fossae) **generally deeper |
| 13. What is a general term for an indentation at the edge of the bone? | notch |
| 14. What is a shallow depression or groove on bone that usually marks the course of a blood vessel? | sulcus |
| 15. Name six types of bony openings | 1 foramen 2 canal 3 meatus 4 fissure 5 ostium 6 aperture |
| 16. What is the term for a short, windowlike opening in the bone? | foramen |
| 17. What is the term for a longer, narrow, tubelike opening in the bone? | canal |
| 18. Which bone opening is a type of canal? | meatus |
| 19. What is the term for a narrow, cleft like opening in the bone? | fissure |
| 20. Which bone opening is small and also serves as an entrance into a hollow organ or canal? | ostium |
| 21. What is another general term used for an opening or orifice in bone? | aperture |
| 22. What is the area of the skeleton where bones are joined to each other? | articulation |
| 23. What is the term for a union of bones joined by fibrous tissue? | suture |
| 24. How many bones make up the skull of the patient (not counting the small bones of the middle ear)? | 22 |
| 25. How are the bones of the skull divided? | cranium & facial bones |
| 26. Name the facial bones. | *lacrimal *nasal *vomer *inferior nasal conchae *zygomatic *maxillary *mandible *palatine bones |
| 27. What 4 bones are visible from the superior view of the skull? | *frontal bone *both parietal bones *occipital bone |
| 28. Name the 3 sutures of the superior view of the skull and what bones they join. | 1 coronal suture *frontal & parietal bones 2 sagital suture *parietal bones 3 lambdoidal suture *occipital & parietal bones |
| 29. What bones are visible from the anterior view of the skull? | *single frontal *thmoid *vomer *sphenoid bones *mandible *paired lacrimal *nasal *inferior nasal conchal *zygomatic *maxillary bones |
| 30. Name the orbital walls. | *super.–the orbital plate of the frontal bone *med.–ethmoid bone (post) & lacrimal bone (ant) *inferior–the orbital surface of the maxilla *lat–zygomatic bone (anteriorly) *the orbital surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone (posteriorly) |
| 31. What is the orbital apex composed of? | *the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone (the base) *the palatine bone |
| 32. What is the term for the round opening in the orbital apex? What passes through it? | optic canal *transmits the optic nerve, & the ophthalmic artery |
| 33. Describe the superior orbital fissure and its location, as well as what passes through it. | *a slit like opening between the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid bone *connects the orbit with the cranial cavity *transmits the III, IV, VI, ophthalmic nerve, vein |
| 34. Describe the inferior orbital fissure and its location, as well as what travels through it. | between the greater wing of the sphenoid bone & maxilla *connects the orbit with the infratemporal & pterygopalatine fossae *transmits the infraorbital & zygomatic nerves, the infraorbital artery & the inferior ophthalmic vein |
| 35. What is the anterior opening of the nasal cavity? | piriform aperture |
| 36. What bones are at the junction formed by the nasion? | frontal & nasal bones |
| 37. What bones form the bridge of the nose? | paired nasal bones |
| 38. What bones makes up the lateral boundaries of the nasal cavity? | maxillae |
| 39. What are the three projecting structures that create the lateral walls of the nasal cavity? Which extend inward from the maxilla? | the nasal conchae *superior *middle *inferior |
| 40. What is the term for the groove beneath each nasal conchae? What is the function of their openings? | nasal meatus (through these openings the paranasal sinuses or nasolacrimal duct communicates with the nasal cavity) |
| 41. What is the vertical partition of the nasal cavity and what bones form its anterior and posterior portions? | *nasal septum *formed by both the nasal septal cartilage and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone and the vomer |
| 42. Discuss the temporal lines and where they are located. | two parallel ridges on the lateral external surface of the skull *superior temporal line and *inferior temporal line which is the boundary of the temporal fossa where the fan-shaped temporalis muscle attaches |
| 43. The lateral view of the skull show all 6 cranial bones. Name them. | *occipital *frontal *parietal *temporal *sphenoid *ethmoid |
| 44. What sutures are located on the lateral view of the cranium? | *coronal suture *lambdoidal suture *squamosal suture |
| 45. Name the fossae of the lateral view of the skull. | *temporal fossa *infratemporal fossa *pterygopalatine fossa |
| 46. What is the term for the cheek bone area? What suture is located on it? Which bones make up this area? | *zygomatic arch *formed by the temporal process of the zygomatic bone & zygomatic process of the temporal bone *joined by the temporozygomatic suture |
| 47. The temporomandibular joint is an articulation between what? | temporal bone and mandible |
| 48. What bones are visible from the inferior view of the external surface of the skull? | *maxillary *zygomatic *vomer *temporal *sphenoid *occipital *palatine bones |
| 49. What is the hard palate formed by? | *two palatine processes of the maxillae *two horizontal plates of the palatine bones |
| 50. What sutures are located on the hard palate? | *median palatine suture *transverse palatine suture |
| 51. What is located on the posterior border of the hard palate? What bones form these structures? | *posterior nasal apertures or choanae *formed by the vomer & the sphenoid bone |
| 52. What small canal is located on the superior border of each of the aperture that are located on the posterior border of the palate? What do they open into? Also, what passes through the canal? | *pterygoid canal *open to the pterygopalatine fossa *carry the pterygoid nerve & blood vessels |
| 53. What are the lateral borders of the posterior nasal apertures formed on each side by? | *pterygoid process (or sphenoid bone) |
| 54. What are the processes and plates of the sphenoid bone? | *medial ptergoid plate, with the hamulus *lateral pterygoid plate |
| 55. What fossa is located between the plates of the sphenoid bone? | pterygoid fossa |
| 56. What is the term for the curved process on the inferior portion of the medial plate of the sphenoid bone? | hamulus |
| 57. What is the larger anterior oval opening on the sphenoid bone? | *foramen oval |
| 58. What is the smaller and more posterior opening on the sphenoid bone? | foramen spinosum |
| 59. What is the large, irregularly shaped, cartilage-filled opening on the external surface of the skull? | foramen lacerum |
| 60. What is the more posterior opening in the petrous portion of the temporal bone? | carotid canal |
| 61. What opening is immediately posterior to the more posterior opening in the petrous portion of the temporal bone? | stylomastoid foramen |
| 62. What opening is medial to the styloid process and is easier to see if you tilt the skull to one side? | jugular foramen |
| 63. What is the largest opening on the inferior view of the skull? In what bone is it located? | *foramen magnum *occipital bone |
| 64. What is the a foramen in front of each condyle of the occipital bone? | condyloid foramen(also known as the hypoglossal canal & better seen from a internal view) |
| 65. What bones are visible from a superior view of the Internal surface of the skull? | *frontal *ethmoid *sphenoid *temporal *occipital *parietal bones |
| 66. Name the foramina of the internal skull surface. | seen ext. also *optic canal *super.orbital fissure *foramen oval *foramen spinosum *jugular foramen *foramen magnum *foramen lacerum (inter. view) *carotid canal *cribriform plate *foramen rotundum *hypoglossal canal *int. acoustic meatus *condyloid canal |
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rio salado