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WH Post-WWI Test
World History Post-WWI Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Countries with Totalitarian Rulers | Russia, Japan, Germany, Italy |
| Fascism | a governmental system led by a dictator having complete power, forcibly suppressing opposition and criticism, regimenting all industry, commerce, etc., and emphasizing an aggressive nationalism and often racism |
| Repudiates | to reject as having no authority or binding force |
| Pacifism | opposition to war or violence of any kind |
| Renunciation | an act or instance of relinquishing, abandoning, repudiating, or sacrificing something, as a right, title, person, or ambition |
| Immutable | unchangeable; changeless. |
| Suffrage | the right to vote, especially in a political election |
| Collectivism | the political principle of centralized social and economic control, especially of all means of production |
| Decadence | 1. the act or process of falling into an inferior condition or state; deterioration; decay 2. moral degeneration or decay; turpitude. 3. unrestrained or excessive self-indulgence |
| Benito Mussolini | Italian nationalist, wanted Italy in WWI, outraged @ Versailles treaty (Italians snubbed), economic depression/high unemployment post-WWI, promise restoration of land & order, wish to revive Roman Empire, appointed premier & emer. powers for year (1922) |
| Mussolini's Reign | Reduce parliaments power, stop labor unions, end polit. parties, denounce demo. as sham, make himself Duce (leader), create Fascist organ. (women, opera, bowling…etc.), 22 “Corporations” organ. by occu., declares “3rd path” (neither capitalism/Marxism). |
| Nazism | the body of political and economic doctrines held and put into effect by the Nazis in Germany from 1933 to 1945 including totalitarian principle of gov., predominance of especially Germanic groups assumed to be racially superior, and supremacy of führer. |
| German Worker's Party | Hitler was sent to investigate this group in Munich in 1919, went to a meeting and gave a speech, asked to become a member, which he did |
| Nazi Party is Formed | Hitler began to think big for the German Worker’s Party, began placing ads for meetings in anti-Semitic newspapers, Hitler changed name to National Socialist German Worker’s Party or the NAZIS |
| Nazi Party Platform | Hitler drafted a platform of 25 points, revoke Versailles Treaty, revoke civil rights of Jews, confiscate any war profits |
| Beer Hall Putsch | October 30, 1923, Hitler held a rally in Munich beer hall and declared revolution, led 2000 men in take over of Bavarian Government, it failed and Hitler was imprisoned |
| Hitler's Trial | At trial (Hitler charged w/ treason), used opportunity to speak about NAZI platform & spread pop., whole nation then knew who Hitler was & what he stood for, sentenced to five years, but served 9 months, when he left prison, was ready to go into action |
| Mein Kampf | Hitler’s book, “My Struggle” - wrote while in jail, sold 5 million copies, made him rich, topics included: Jews were evil, Germans were superior race, Fuhrer principal, dislike of Communism and Democracy and need to conquer Russia |
| Hitler's Rise to Power | Used popularity from failed revolution and book to seize power legally, spoke to mass audiences about making Germany a great nation again, Nazi Party: 1930 = 18% of vote 1932 = 30% of vote Hitler becomes Chancellor in 1933 |
| Appeal of Hitler | Germany was in economic depression w/ hyper-inflation, WW I hero who talked about bringing glory to the “Fatherland", promised rich industrialists he would end communist threats, blamed Jews for Germanys problems, not Germans, excellent public speaker |
| Strong Arm Tactics | The “Brownshirts” or SA (Stormtroopers), SA was used to put down opposition parties, threatened and beat up Jews and ant-Nazi voters, wore brownshirts, pants and boots, numbered almost 400,000 by 1932 |
| Hitler as Dictator | “Reichstag fire” gives Hitler total power, in 1933, all parties were outlawed except the Nazi party, people’s civil rights were suspended, “Night of the Long Knives” |
| Maginot Line | a series of French fortifications along her border with Germany |
| List three possession of Great Britain that were given self-rule, or complete independence, after WWI | Ireland, Egypt,India, Canada, New Zealand, Australia and South Africa |
| What factor contributed to political instability within the Third French Republic following WWI | There were too many political parties and none could gain a majority |
| What was the name of the French line of defense that protected the length of France’s border from Switzerland to Belgium? | Maginot Line |
| Which US President sought to promote relief, recovery, and reform to get the country out of the Great Depression? What name was given to his programs? | Franklin Roosevelt; The New Deal |
| What are the nonelected officials who handle government affairs called? | federal bureaucrats |
| Totalitarian states | one-party political system led by a powerful dictator who typically maintains control by force |
| Pogroms | organized government massacres in Russia |
| Bolsheviks | wing of Social Democratic Party in Russia who advocated change through violence |
| Mensheviks | wing of Social Democratic Party in Russia who advocated change through peaceful measures |
| Bloody Sunday | January 22, 1905; when the troops of the Russian czar massacred peaceful protesters |
| Rasputin | a crazy monk that was born as a poor farmer and studied religion. He believed that the more you sinned the easier you were saved. Addicted to Opium |
| Romanovs | Russian royal dynasty; deposed in the Revolution of 1917 |
| Duma | Russian national assembly; parliament |
| Kerensky | menshevik; leader of the provisional government after the fall of the czar; tried to restore order but was opposed by bolsheviks |
| Lenin | exiled man from Russia that studied the Communist Manifesto; wanted to abolish all class distinction and religion; leader of the Bolsheviks |
| Trotsky | leader of the Russian Red Army; helped Bolsheviks win the Russian civil war |
| Stalin | took over control of USSR after the death of Vladimir Lenin; appointed many of his supporters to high government positions; used his influence to force Trotsky out of the government |
| Five-Year Plan | economic program of Joseph Stalin that increased the socialization of the Russian economy |
| Collectivism | to bring under central government control |
| Purges | Stalin’s practice for murdering those who might threaten his power |
| Who was the last czar of Russia? | Czar Nicholas II |
| What Communist leader instituted a system of purges, eliminating all whom he considered a threat to his regime? | Joseph Stalin |
| Mussolini | Italian ruler; drew in the people who did not like the way the country was heading; helped organize the Fascist Party |
| Il Duce | The title used for Mussolini; showed he was the final authority |
| Autarky | self-sufficiency of a nation |
| Syndicates | groups in the work force |
| Weimar Republic | German government after WWI |
| Adolph Hitler | dictator of Germany; part of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party (Nazi Party); became leader of Nazi’s one year after joining in 1920 |
| Mein Kampf | “My Struggle,” book by Adolf Hitler |
| Swastika | Nazi symbol; “broken cross” |
| Paul von Hindenburg | President of the Weimar Republic that asked Hitler to join a coalition government as vice-chancellor; appointed Hitler Chancellor of Germany on January 30, 1933 |
| Expressionism | artistic movement in which the artist tries to paint how he feels about his subject rather than trying to reproduce realistically what he sees |
| Matisse | best expressionism artist of the time |
| Cubism | second major artistic movement of the twentieth century; often portrayed reality by various geometric shapes seen from various perspectives at once |
| Picasso | Spanish; best cubism artist |
| Frank Lloyd Wright | American architect; believed that the design of a building should blend with its surroundings |
| Why are the apparent differences between communism and fascism irrelevant to the average citizen? | The people did not care what the policy was, they just wanted change |
| Why did Hitler rapidly rise to power in Germany? (List four reasons.) | 1. Weimar Republic - weak & ineffic. 2. Nazi’s exploit angered Germans at War Guilt Cl. 3. Econ. prob. made many listen to Nazi’s solution 4. Nazi’s were anti-communist, wanted to keep wealth 5. Hitler’s charisma & leadership led people to join party |
| Albert Einstein | born to non-practicing Jews in 1879, fam moved to Switz. during his teens & stayed for PHd, General Theory of Relativity (E=mc^2), Photoelectric Effect, Quantum Theory |
| Sigmund Freud | Jewish parents, Austrian neurologist & psychoanalyst, Father of Modern Psychology, Theory of Transference, Oedipus Complex, Explored the meaning of dreams, Repression |
| Pablo Picasso | Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, stage designer, poet & playwright, adult life in France, co founded Cubist movement, one of the most influential artists of the 20th century |
Created by:
Crayford