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Fractions
Term | Definition |
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Common Factor | A factor that is shared by two or more whole numbers. Example: 2 is a common factor of 8 and 10. |
Denominator | The number below the fraction bar in a fraction. Example: In the fraction 2/5 the denominator is 5. |
Equivalent Fractions | Fractions that represent the same number. Example: 2/9 and 4/18 are equivalent fractions that both represent 1/2. |
Factor | When whole numbers other than zero are multiplied together, each number is a factor of the product. Example: 2 X 3 X 4 = 24, so 2, 3, and 4 are factors of 24. |
Fraction | A number in the form a/b, where b ≠ 0. Example: 1/5, 2/9 |
Greatest Common Factor (GCF) | The largest of the common factors of two or more nonzero whole numbers. Example: The common factors of 12 and 20 are 1, 2, and 4. So the GCF of 12 and 20 is 4. |
Improper Fraction | A fraction in which the numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator. Example: 5/4, 9/9 |
Least Common Denominator (LCD) | The least common multiple of the denominators of two or more fractions. Example: The least common denominator of 3/4 and 5/6 is the least common multiple of 4 and 6, or 12. |
Least Common Multiple (LCM) | The smallest of the common multiples of two or more nonzero whole numbers. Example: Multiples of 10: 10, 20, 30, 40, … Multiples of 15: 15, 30, 45, 60, … The least common multiple of 10 and 15 is 30. |
Mixed Number | A number that has a whole number part and a fraction part. Example: 3 1/2 , 6 2/3 |
Numerator | The number above the fraction bar in a fraction. Example: In the fraction 2/5, the numerator is 2 |
Simplest Form of a Fraction | A fraction is in simplest form if its numerator and denominator have a greatest common factor (GCF) of 1. Example: The simplest form of the fraction 10/15 is 2/3 |
Reciprocals | Two numbers whose product is 1. Example: Because 4/5 X 5/4 = 1, 4/5 and 5/4 are reciprocals. |
Product | The result when two or more numbers are multiplied. Example: The product of 4 and 3 is 4 X 3, or 12. |
Quotient | The result of a division. Example: The quotient of 10 and 5 is 10 ÷ 5, or 2. |