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geo ch 21, 22,& 23
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| much of the land in Central & Southwst Asia is dry | Arid and semi arid climates -little or limited precipitation |
| the countries in this region have found ways to compensate for a short supply of fresh water. | desalination plants & Ataturk dam ( at Euphrates River) |
| Central Southwest Asia is the birthplace of 3 of the world's major religions | Judaism, Christianity, & Islam |
| agricultural revolution | change from nomadic hunting & gathering to farming in 8000 B.C. |
| civilization | advanced culture |
| monotheism | belief in one god |
| protectorate | area that has its own government but is controlled by an d outside power |
| chaparral | natural vegetation that is adopted to a Mediterranian climate;trees & low bushes , or shrubs |
| poaching | illegal hunting |
| mosque | islamic place of religious worship |
| muezzin | in Islam, a carrier who calls the faithful to prayer 5 times each day fsrom a minaret |
| minaret | a tall, slender tower attached to mosque |
| desalination plant | process of removing salt from sea waters;so it can be used for drinking & irrigation |
| nomad | person who travels from place to place |
| trade deficit | a situation in which a country imports more than it exports |
| trade surplus | a situation in which a country exports more than it imports |
| European powers were able to divide Central& Southwest Asia into protectorates after WWI because | the ottoman empire was defeated & this allowed them to have own government but be controlled by outside power |
| Jews migrated to Palestine from many parts of the world in the middle of the Twentieth century because | the Jews sought to form a new society in their ancient homeland |
| Irrigation is needed in much of Central & Southwest Asia because | of the dry, arid climate & to grow crops |
| Much of the population of this region is concentrated in river valleys & coastal areas because | the rivers are their water source & water is limited in other areas |
| throughout history Jews, Christians, & Muslims have all sought control of Jerusalem because | for Jews it is the holy site of the 1st & 2nd temples, for Christians it is the where Jesus was crucified, & Muslims believe Muhammad visited heaven from Jerusalem |
| Petroleum & natural gas deposits in this region are important because | they are the main sources of wealth |
| Azerbaijan has a trade deficit because | it is not exporting as much as it is mporting |
| Which country has the highest export values | Saudi Arabia |
| which countries have trade deficits | Azerbaijan & Israel |
| which countries export oil | Azerbaijan & Kazakhastan |
| What are the names of the Caucasus nations | Georgia, Armenia, & Azerbaijan |
| Between what 2 seas are the Caucasus Nations located | Black Sea & Caspian Sea |
| Which 2 nations have had recent conflicts due to religious tensions | Armenia & Azerbaijan |
| What is the main religion of Armenia | they are predominantly Islamic |
| which nation's major source of wealth is oil | Azerbaijan |
| which country's subtropical climate allows growth of wine, grapes, citrus fruit, and tea | Georgia |
| several ethnic groups Georgia have pressed for more what? or independence? | Autonomy |
| what is the systematical killing or intentional destruction of a people | genocide |
| what is the desire of the Azeri and Armenian cultural groups to rule themselves in separate nations | nationalism |
| the subtropical climate supports what in Georgia | agriculture & tourism |
| what has caused environmental problems in Azerbaijan | the petroleum industry |
| At the outbreak of WW Turkey tried to deport all | Armenians |
| Azerbaijan has encountered resistance from which nation over the construction of an oil pipeline | Russia |
| Georgia suffered severe economic setbacks | after the fall of cmmunism |
| in which of the following ways does Armenia differ from the other Caucasus nations | it is landlocked |
| in central Asia the nations are: | Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, & Tajikistan |
| in central Asia the largest deserts are | Kara Kum & Kyzyl Kum |
| in Central Asia rural economic activities are | nomadic herding & farming |
| in Central Asia major environmental problems are | desertification & pollution |
| chernozem | rich topsoil that is good for agricultlure |
| a set of religious beliefs based on a strict interpretation of a sacred text is common in many parts of central Asia | fundamentalism |
| yurts | traditional herders in central Asia often lived in large, portable , round tents made of wooden frames covered with felt or skins |
| desertification | the diversion of water from the Aral sea has caused the extension of the desert landscape due to changes caused by humans |
| irrigation | the system of using pipes & canals to bring water to derycroplands |
| what type of landform are the Tien Shan & Pamir-Alai | mountains |
| to which religion do most people of Central Asia belong | Islam |
| Central Asia nomadic people were forced to change their way of life | work on government farms |
| which of the following occurred when Soviet planner diverted water from the Aral Sea for irrigaiton | Areas around the Aral Sea became drier |
| what has contaminated running water & groundwater in some parts of Central asia | pesticides & ferilizers |
| Languages related to Central Asia nations are | Turkic-related, Russian & Farsi-related |
| When the region was under the control of Soviet Union nomads were | forced into villages, people had to work on collective farms, & irrigation projects were set to grow cotton |
| The natural resources of Central Asia Nations are | Chernozem, oil, & natural gas |
| The irrigation project caused | saltier water, decrease in fish population, & shrinking water volume |
| mandate | land to be governed on behalf of the League of Nations until it was ready for independence |
| Zionism | member of a movement founded to promote the establishment of an independent Jewish state inPalestine |
| self-determination | Arabs in Palestine were angered when they thought the British took away this right: the right to decide on's own political future |
| Palestine | ancient land on the east coast of the Mediterranean |
| large region once controlled by Turkey | ottoman empire |
| the group of people who defeated the Arabs in the 10th century & ruled southwest Asia for more the n 400 years | Ottoman turks |
| the Palestinians were left without a homeland | as a result of the Arab-Israeli War of 1948 |
| Which 2 groups claimed Palestine as their homeland | The Arabs & the Jews |
| the Balfour Declaration stated Britain's support for | the creation of a Jewish national home in Palestine |
| In 1947, the British government with drew from Palestine & turned the problem over to | the United Nations |
| drip irrigation | a process that preserves water by only letting precise amounts drip onto plants |
| potash | mined from the Dead Sea area & used to make explosives & fertilizer |
| Israel:technology transforms the desert | National water carrier pumps water through system & drip irrigation |
| Israel; economic acitivities | High technology: medical laser &weaponry (world leader), aerospace equipment & electronics, &agriculture & chemical industries |
| Israel; Palestinian Refugees | War of 1948 caused 500,000 Palestinians to flee for safety |
| Israel: Mining the Dead sea | built processing plants to extract potash, table salt, bromine; exports mineral s throughout the world |
| Israel: divers Cultures | 80%Jewish & 20%Arabs: Christians, Muslims, & Druzes |
| Israel; the Struggle for a Solution | Palestinians won't accept Israel's right to exist as a nation & Israel is unwilling to allow a Palestinian homeland |
| Israel was declared an independent country in | 1948 |
| Israel has transformed the Negev Desert into a mostly fertile green land primarily with the use of | irrigation |
| After 1948, more than half the Jews immigrating to Israel were the generally poorer | Sephardic Jews |
| the largest minority group in Israel is the | Arabs ???? not sure |
| embargo | a restriction on trade with other countries |
| anarchy | a state of lawlessness, political disorder, & violence |
| militia | a private army of a particular fighting faction |
| fertile crescent | an arc of rich land in the middle easT where farming & the first civilizations developed |
| what was the impact of of the 1967 Arab-Israeli war on Jordan's economy | it was devastating as it lost its 2nd largest city & its economy was devastated |
| what kind of government does Jordan have | constitutional monarchy |
| when did Lebanon become independent from France | 1943 |
| According to the 1932 census which religious group held the most power in lebanon | Maronites |
| what was the major reason behind Lebanon's civil wars | Shiite muslims felt the government discriminated against them |
| why did Israel invade Lebanon in 1982 | to destroy PLO bases that were used to attack Israel |
| what activity has been carried on for centuries in the Syrian cities of Damascus & Aleppo | their locations make them good for trade |
| what measures has the Syrian government taken to enhance farm production in Syria | gave farmers money for machinery & built dams for irrigation |
| what is Iraq's most important economic activity | oil |
| in what ways has Iraq used its oil profits | to build roads, airports, hospitals, & schools |
| from 1980 to 1988 Iraq was engaged in war with which other Southwest Asian Country | Iran |
| what was the outcome of the American & British invasion of Iraq | Suddam Hussein was removed from power & executed. a democratic government was established |
| capitol of Iraq | Baghdad |
| based on the 1932 census of Lebanon, political power was | divided proportionately among different religious groups |
| for good crops, Syrian farmers are still largely dependent on | rainfall |
| in 1990 , Iraq invaded Kuwait and declared Kuwait a part of Iraq because | Iraq wanted to gain control of a large percentage of the world's oil |
| the discovery of oil in the 1930's greatly changed traditional ways of life in the Arabian peninsula | brought great wealth, paid for new infrastructure and medical care ; most people moved to city |
| many changes have occurred in Saudi Arabia since the mid 1960s | spent billions on infrastructure improving their way of life,desalination & irrigation to improve agriculture |
| Oman & Yemen are different from other countries on the Arabian Peninsula | culture not modernized; have not changed from oil; still do a lot of farming & herding |
| falaj system | an ancient system of underground ^& surface canals in Oman |
| desalination | process of removing salt form seawater so that it can be used for drinking & irrigation |
| infrastructure | a country's basic support facilities such as roads, schools, & communication systems |
| mecca & medina | islam's most sacred cities |
| in oil-rich countries of the Arabian Peninsula, | health, education, & many social services are free or heavily subsidized |
| which of the following countries was not a founding member of OPEC | Yemen |
| women in Saudi society are | honored but given limited opportunities |
| every year, about 2 million Muslims from all over the world come to Saudi Arabia | for the hajj,or pilgrimage to Mecca |
| shah | a past ruler of Iran |
| secular | no religious influence |
| ayatollah | conservative religious leader in Iran |
| kurds | an ethnic minority in turkey |
| Ataturk | name meaning "Father of the Turks, " given to Mustafa Kemal |
| Iran's Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was even more determined than his father to make Iran into | a modern Westernized nation |
| in 1980 Iraq attacked Iran | in retaliation for Khomeini's attempts to provoke Shiites in Iraq to overthrow the Iraqi government |
| most Cypriots' first language is | greek |
| Kurds have been harshly repressed by the Turkish government because | Kurds want to form an independent state |
| the majority of the people in Turkey & Iran & about 1/5th of the people in Cyprus are the followers of | Islam |
| what kind of language & culture did the Turks have | turkish not Arabic |
| What 3 changes that Mustafa Kemal brought to Turkey | separated religion & government, outlawed the fez hat, & women were given the right to vote, hold office, and go to school |
| what are 2 challenges that face Turkey today | large debt & inflation; Kurds struggle for independence |
| what are 2 major changes that Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi brought to Iran | used oil profits to develop industry & agriculture;improved literacy & healthcare |
| what 2 major social changes that the Khomeini government brought to Iranian society | alcohol was outlawed; women were suppressed |
| to what branch of Islam do the majority of Iranians belong | Shiite |
| which 2 groups were involved in the civil war in Cyprus | Greeks & Turkish |
| the Palestinians' government in exile | Palestinian Liberation Organization |
| ecosystem in Kazakhstan & home to the golden eagle | Tien Shan Forest |
| largest climate region of Central & Southwest asia | Arid |
| created after WWII as the Jewish homeland | Israel |
| one of Asia's largest deserts located in Turkmenistan | Kara Kum |
| country nestled between the Greater Caucasus Mts. on the north & the Lesser Caucasus to the south | Georgia |
| landlocked country about the size of Maryland | Armenia |
| British representative the corresponded with Husayn ibn Ali | Sir Henry McMahon |
| landlocked salt lake that is disappearing from over use | Aral Sea |
| term that meas "shaking off" in Arabic | intifada |
| religion adopted by the Arabic-speaking tribes of the Arabian Peninsula | Islam |
| belief in only one god | monotheism |
| lies between Jordan & Israel | Dead Sea |
| largest ethnic group in Azerbaijan | Azeri |
| sided with Germany & Austria-Hungary in WWII | Ottoman Empire |
| located in Tajikistan, this extends for more than 40 miles | Fedchenko Glacier |
| Country that was divided to create Israel | Palestine |
| lawlessness | anarchy |
| language spoken by 4 major groups of the Central Asian Nations | Turkic language |
| means " the land of " | stan |
| ancient trade route | Silk Road |
| cube-shaped holy shisne | kaaba |
| took power in Syria during 1970 | Hafez al-Assad |
| Palestinian leader who dies in 2004 | Yasir Arafat |
| provides turkey with water for irrigation | Ataturk Dam |
Created by:
ZekeN