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Chapter 9 Islam

TermDefinition
Bedouins small groups of nomadic people in Arabia
Muhammad Prophet of Islam whom Muslims recognize as Allah's messenger to all of human kind. his teachings form the basis of Islam
Hegira Muhammad's journey from Mecca to Medina.
Islam A monotheistic religion whose prophet is Muhammad and whose holy book is the Qur'an the term means achieving peace through surrender to God
Muslims followers of islam
Quran the sacred text of Islam
Five Pillars of Islam behaviors and obligations that are common to all muslims which include the profession of faith the performance of five daily prayers the giving of alms the requirement to fast and the journey to Mecca or Hajj
Mosque a building for muslim prayer
Jihad "struggle for faith" can be thought of as an individual or communal struggle as the latter the term embraces notions of defending the muslim community and holy war
Abu Bakr first caliph because he was a good friend of muhammad's united tribes and invaded iraq and syria
Caliph realigious and political leader of muslims
caliphate area ruled by the caliph
Umayyad first ruling dynasty over the Muslim caliphate
Sunni largest branch of Islam believers accept the first four caliphs as the rightful successors of Huhammad
Shia a branch of Islam whose adherents believe that the caliph should be a descendant of Muhammad and a family member of Ali
Sufis a branch of Islam emphasizing a personal mystical connection with god
Abbasid dynasty that overthrew the Umayyad dynasty to rule the Muslim caliphate from 750 to 1258 for a 150 years the Abbasid maintained the unity of the caliphate and Islamic culture and civilization flourished
Harun al-Rashid fifth Abbasid caliph The dynasty reached its height under his rule
Created by: LucasSalisbury
 

 



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