Name the two components of bone matrix.

Inorganic salt and organic matrix

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Chapter 11,12,13

Question	Answer
______ is the thin membrane that lines the medullary cavity.	Endosteum
_____ is an example of flat bone.	Sternum
______ is the shaft of a long bone.	Diaphysis
Femur is an example of a ______ bone	Long
______ _____ is the thin layer that cushions jolts and blows.	Articulate cartilage
______ is an example of a sesamoid bone.	Patella
______ is an attachment for muscle fibers.	Periosteum
The carpal is an example of ______ bone.	Short
_____ is the end of a long bone	Epiphysis
______ is the tubelike, hollow space in the diaphysis of long bones.	Medullary cavity
The vertebrae is an example of _____ bone	Irregular
Name the two components of bone matrix.	Inorganic salt and organic matrix
Small spaces in which bone cells lie are called _____	Lacunae
The basic structural unit of compact bone is called ____	Osteon
The cells that produce the organic matrix in bone are called ____.	Osteoblasts
The ribs, pelvis, and femur all contain _____ marrow.	Red
Low blood calcium evokes a response from the ______ hormone.	Parathyroid
High blood calcium evokes a response from _____.	Calcitonin
Haversian canals run in what direction?	Lengthwise
Volkmann's canals run in what direction to the bone?	Transverse
Giant, multinucleate cell's that are responsible for bone resorption are called _______	Osteoclasts
Bone marrow is found not only in the medullary cavities of certain long bone but also in the spaces of _______ bone.	Cancellous
Calcitonin functions to stimulate ______ and inhibit ______	Osteoblasts, osteoclasts
______ is a term referring to the formation of new haversian systems.	Hematopoiesis
______ marrow is found in almost all of the bones of an infant's body.	Red
The primary ossification center is located at the ______	Diaphysis
The primary purpose of the epiphyseal plate is _______ long bones.	Lengthening
The epiphyseal plate is composed mostly of what kind of cells?	Chondrocytes
Bone loss normally begins to exceed bone gain between the ages of _____ and _____ years.	35 & 40
_____ _____ _____ is the first step to healing a bone fracture.	Fracture hematoma formation
The addition of bone to its outer surface resulting in growth in diameter is called ______ growth.	Appositional
Bone formation spreading from the diaphysis to the epiphysis is called ______ growth	Interstitial
Most bones of the body are formed by ____ ossification.	Endochondral
Does lack of exercise tend to weaken bones through decreased collagen formation and excessive calcium withdrawal?	Yes
When bones reach their full length, the epiphyseal plate disappears and is replaced with the ____ ____	Epiphyseal line
The fibrous covering of cartilage is _____.	Perichondrium
The external ear, epiglottis, and the auditory tube are composed of ____ cartilage.	Elastic
Vitamin D deficiency can result in _____.	Rickets
Is bone vascular or avascular?	Vascular
Is cartilage vascular or avascular?	Avascular
The intervertebral discs are composed of _____.	Fibrocartilage
The growth of cartilage occurs by both _____ and ____ growth.	Appositional and interstitial
______ is a malignant tumor of hyaline cartilage that arises from chondroblasts.	Chondrasarcoma
________ is the most common primary malignant tumor of skeletal tissue.	Osteosarcoma
______ is a common bone disease often occurring in post menopausal women and manifesting symptoms of porous, brittle, and fragile bones.	Osteoporosis
________ ______ is also known as osteitis deformans.	Paget's disease
________ is a bacterial infection of the bone and marrow tissue.	Osteomyelitis
Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and hematopoieis are all _______ of bones.	Functions
The _____ _____ is the hollow area inside the diaphysis of a bone.	Medullary cavity
A thin layer of cartilage covering each epiphysis is the _____ _____	Articular cartilage
The ______ lines the medullary cavity of long bones.	Endosteum
_____ is used to describe the process of blood cell formation.	Hematopoiesis
Blood cell formation is a vital process carries on in _____ _____ ____.	Red blood marrow
The _____ is a strong fibrous membrane that covers a long bone except at joint surfaces.	Periosteum
Long, short. Flat, irregular, and sesamoid all name different types of bone _____.	Shape
Bones serve as the major reservoir for _______, a vital substances required for normal nerve and muscle function.	Calcium
______ is the most abundant type of cartilage.	Hyaline.
Criss-crossing bony branches of spongy bone are called _____	Trabeculae
Dense bone tissue is called ______ bone.	Compact
______ bone lies in the ends of long bones.	Spongy
The ______ is the outer covering of bone.	Periosteum
_____ is made of fibers embedded in a firm gel.	Cartilage
______ are mature bone cells.	Osteocytes
______ connect lacunae.	Canaliculi
A _____ is a ring of bone.	Lamellae
______ are cartilage cells.	Chondrocytes
The ________ system is the structural unit of compact bone.	Haversian
The coccyx is a part of which skeleton?	Axial
The axial skeleton has how many bones?	80
The appendicular skeleton has how many bones?	126
The vertebral column is a part of the _____ skeleton.	Axial
Carpals are a part of the _____ skeleton.	Appendicular
The scapula is a part of the ______skeleton	Appendicular
The auditory ossicles are a part of the _____ skeleton.	Axial
The shoulder girdle is a part of the ____ skeleton.	Appendicular
The skull is a part of the ____ skeleton.	Axial
The clavicles are a part of the ____ skeleton.	Appendicular
The _____ _____ connects the temporal and sphenoid bones.	Squamous suture
The mastoid sinuses are found in which bone?	Temporal
The skull bone that articulates with the first cervical vertebrae is the:	Occipital
A _____ is a tubelike opening or channel.	Meatus
The cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone separates the ____ and _____ cavities.	Nasal and cranial
A specialized adaptation of the infant skull is called a _____	Fontanel
The zygomatic, or malar bone shapes the ______.	Cheek
The only bone in the body not forming a joint with any other bone is called the _____ bone.	Hyoid.
The external acoustic meatus is located within the ______ bone.	Temporal
The sphenoid is a bone of the ______	Cranium
The sinus, coronoid process, and mental foramen are all markings on the _____ bone.	Facial
The palatine process forms what?	Part of the hard palate
The foundation or keystone in the architecture of the face is the _____.	Maxillae
The shape of the nose is formed by the nasal bones in the ______ cartilage	Septal
The ramus, condylar process, and alveolar process all appear on the _____	Mandible.
Laminate is a posterior portion of the _____.	Vertebra
The cervical, thoracic and lumbar curvatures are all a part of the ______ column.	Vertebral
The dens projects from the body of the ______ _____ which makes it possible to turn the head.	Second vertebra
The vertebral column is _____ to increase the carrying strength of the column.	Curved
The first cervical vertebra is known as the _______.	Atlas
The first seven pairs of ribs that attach directly to the sternum are called ______ ribs.	True
The eleventh and twelfth ribs, which have no attachment to the sternum are called _____ ribs.	Floating
The middle part of the sternum is called the _____.	Body
The blunt, cartilaginous, lower tip of the sternum is called ______ process.	Xiphoid
The most superior part of the sternum is called _____	Manubrium
The five pairs of ribs that do not attach directly to the sternum are called _____ ribs.	False
The tissue that attaches ribs directly or indirectly to the sternum is called ____ cartilage.	Costal
Another name for hunchback is _____	Kyphosis
Scoliosis, lordosis, and kyphosis can all interfere with what 3 things?	Breathing, posture, and vital functions.
Mastoiditis involved the _____ bone.	Temporal
Otitis media (middle ear infection) is usually treated with what?	Antibiotics
Sway back and _____ are synonymous terms.	Lordosis
Foramen magnum is a marking of the ______ bone.	Occipital
The xiphoid process is a marker of the ______.	Sternum
The mastoid is a marker of the _____ bone.	Temporal
The pterygoid process is a marker of the _____ bone.	Sphenoid
The conchae is a marker of the _____ bone.	Ethmoid
The frontal sinuses are a marker of the _____ bone.	Frontal
The coronoid process is a marker of the ______ bone.	Mandible
All vertebra have a central opening called the _____ _____	Vertebral toramen
The upper part of the sternum is called the _____.	Manubrium
The skull bone that articulated with the atlas is the ______.	Occipital
Part of the lateral wall of the cranium and part of the floor of each orbit is formed by the _____ bone.	Sphenoid
Name the two major division of the skull.	Cranium and face.
The middle ear bones are referred to as ______ ______	Auditory ossicles
The _____ and ______ make up the shoulder girdle.	Clavicle, scapula
The coronoid fossa is a depression on the ______.	Humerus
The glenoid cavity is the _____ _____	Arm socket
The bone in the thumb side of the forearm is the ______.	Radius
Of the five metacarpal bones, which forms the most freely movable joint with the carpal bones?	The thumb
The two bones that form the framework of the forearm are the _____ and ____.	Radius and ulna
The wrist is composed of small bones called _____.	Carpals
The medial forearm bone in the anatomical position is the _____.	Ulna
The only evident carpal bone in the ______	Pisiform
The ilium, ischium, and pubis are all bones of the _____ girdle.	Pelvic
The greater trochanter is a bony landmark of the ______.	Femur
During childbirth the infant passes through an imaginary plane called the _____ _____.	Pelvic outlet
The talus, cuneiform, and navicular bones are all ______ bones.	Tarsal
The strongest and lowermost portion of the coxal bones is the ______	Ischium
The largest coxal bone is the ______.	Ilium
The lateral Malleolus is the most distal portion of the _______.	Fibula
The longitudinal arch refers to a structure within the ____.	Foot
How many phalanges are in each great toe?	2
How many phalanges are in the non-greater toes?	3
Which gender has an elongated forehead?	Female skeleton
Which gender has a small pelvic inlet?	Male skeleton
Which gender has a subpubic angle less than 90 degrees?	Male skeleton
Which gender has more massive muscle attachment sites?	Male
Which gender has a more movable coccyx?	Female skeleton
Ischium is a marking of the ______ bone.	Coxal
The greater trochanter is a marking of the _____.	Femur
The olecranon process is a marker of the ______	Ulna
The calcaneus is a marker of the ______.	Tarsals
The glenoid cavity is the marker of the _____	Scapula
The medial malleolus is a marker of the ____.	Tibia
Eight _____ bones form the wrist.	Carpal
The heel bone is the _____.	Calcaneus
The tarsal bone that articulates with the tibia and fibula is the _____	Talus
The largest sesamoid bone in the body is the _____.	Patella
The larger and stronger of the two lower leg bones is the _____.	Tibia
A non displaced or closed fracture is also called a ____ fracture.	Simple
Pectoral girdle is synonymous with ______ girdle.	Shoulder
Can you clearly see a stress fracture on x-ray?	No

Created by: bethany.metzger

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