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Stack #2460060
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following is not a hypothesis that can be tested by the scientific method? | Cats are cuter than fish |
| The best test of a scientific theory is how... | Well it predicts new observations |
| Order the following kinds of light from shortest to longest wavelength... | 1. Gamma 2. X-Ray 3. Ultra-Violet 4. Blue 5. Green 6. Red 7. Infrared 8. Radio |
| In a vacuum, photons of higher energy | have higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths than lower energy photons. |
| Compared to visible light, radio waves have | lower energy and longer wavelength |
| If you were going to design a pair of glasses for seeing animals at night, you would want them to convert | infrared photons to optical photons |
| Assume that a star behaves as a blackbody. If the temperature of that star doubles, then the peak wavelength of the radiation from the star will be ______ times the original wavelength. | 0.5 |
| You are gradually heating a lump of rock in an oven to an extremely high temperature. As it heats up, the lump emits nearly perfect blackbody radiation, meaning that it | Is both brighter and bluer when hotter |
| Which of the following statements about atoms is FALSE? | An electron in an atom may absorb either part or all of the energy of a photon. |
| The absorption lines of helium have the same wavelength as its emission lines (True or False) | True |
| When an electron in an atom emits light, it moves | Closer to the nucleus |
| Suppose that two observers look at the spectrum of a cloud of gas in a laboratory. The first observer reports seeing emission lines, and the second reports seeing absorption lines. How can this best be explained? | The second observer sees the gas against a hot backgroun |
| What causes light from a star to be Doppler-shifted | the speed of the star towards or away from us |
| A star with a continuous spectrum shines through a cool interstellar cloud composed primarily of hydrogen. The cloud is falling inward toward the star (and away from Earth). Which best describes the spectrum seen by an Earthbound observer? | Redshifted hydrogen absorption lines |
| The temperature of Betelgeuse is 1/3 of the temperature of Rigel. The peak wavelength of the radiation from Betelgeuse is ______ times the peak wavelength of the radiation from Rigel. | 3 |
| In the Sun, the transition of an electron from level 4 to level 2 of hydrogen produces light with a wavelength of 486.1 nm. In a star twice as hot as the Sun, this transition would produce photons with | The same wavelength |
| Match each description to a corresponding action of an electron in an atom. | 1. Electron leaves its atom 2. Electron jumps to a higher energy 3. An electron jumps to a lower energy level |
| When an object is heated, the light it emits is | brighter and with shorter average wavelength |
| An element can be identified by looking at its | Spectral lines |
| When a light source moves towards you, its light | blueshifted |
| Light of which of the following kinds is observed by earthbound telescopes? | Visible light, Radio waves |
| The world's largest optical telescope is a: | Reflector |
| Compared to the largest earthbound telescopes, the Hubble space telescope has | Finer resolution |
| Gamma-ray astronomy is done only from space (true or false) | True |
| When multiple radio telescopes are linked together (the technical term is interferometry), resolving power is greatly improved by increasing | The distance between telescopes |
| Why are satellites used to detect x-rays? | Air absorbs x-rays |
| The main advantage of using the Hubble Space Telescope is the increased amount of "night-time" viewing it afford (True or false) | False |
| Radio telescopes are large in part to improve their resolution, which is poor because of the long wavelengths at which they are used to observe the skies (True or false). | True |
| Gamma-ray telescopes employ the same basic design as optical telescopes (True or false) | False |
| What causes the Moon's phases? | As the Moon orbits the Earth, the part of the Moon that is lit is a changing fraction of the part that faces the Earth. |
| On a night when the Moon rises at 9pm, what is its phase? | Waning gibbous |
| If the Moon's orbit were exactly in the plane of the Earth's orbit about the Sun, one would expect an eclipse of the Moon to occur about once every | Month |
| At full moon, as seen from the Earth, the Moon lies | Opposite the Sun |
| Suppose tonight is new moon. You are on the side of the Moon facing the Earth. What phase Earth do you see? | Full Earth |
| If we see a first quarter Moon today, what will people on the other side of the Earth see later today? | First-quarter moon |
| A solar eclipse occurs when: | The Moon casts a shadow on the Earth |
| A lunar eclipse occurs when | The Earth casts a shadow on the Moon |
| An observer on Earth sees a total lunar eclipse. If someone else is standing on the side of the Moon facing the Earth at the same time, they would see the | Earth completely eclipsing the Sun |
| Where on Earth are you if Polaris is on your horizon? | Equator |
| The shortest night of the year in Milwaukee is on | Summer solstice |
| How many days during each year is the Sun directly over the equator? | 2 |
| The average temperature is hotter in summer than winter. This is ultimately caused by | The tilt of the Earth's axis relative to the Earth's orbit |
| Match the real motions listed below to their periods. | 1. Precession of the Earth's axis of rotation: 26,000 years 2. 1 Day: Rotation of the Earth about its axis 3. 1 Year: One orbit of the Earth about the Sun 4. 1 Month: One orbit of the Moon about the Earth |
| In ancient times, the motions of the planets were more difficult to explain than the motions of the Sun and Moon because the | Planets sometimes reverse their motion (retrograde motion) |
| Which two fundamental misconceptions made Ptolemy's geocentric model very complicated and prevented it from adequately describing the movements of bodies in the solar system? | All heavenly bodies move in combinations of perfect circles/The Earth is at the center of the universe |
| From the following names, whose model of the universe used epicycles to explain retrograde motion? | Ptolemy |
| From the following names, who first discovered the moons of Jupiter? | Galileo |
| The apparent retrograde motion of Jupiter is caused by the | Real revolution of the Earth about the Sun |
| In the Copernican system, the apparent size of Venus is largest when its phase is | Crescent |
| Pluto's orbit about the Sun has what shape? | Ellipse |
| The Earth moves fastest in its orbit when it is | Closest to the sun |
| A planet in the solar system whose period is 1 year is what distance from the Sun? | 1 AU |
| The size of the comet's orbit is twice the size of the asteroid's orbit. How does the period of the comet's orbit compare to the period of the asteroid's orbit? | The period of the comet's orbit is more than two times longer than the period of the asteroid's orbit. |
| When you are on the top floor of a building, your weight is ____________ when you are on the ground floor. | Very slightly less than |
| f the radius of the Earth were to double, with no change in its mass, a person's weight would | Decrease by a factor of 4 |
| If the mass of the Earth were to double (with the size unchanged), the gravitational attraction between the Earth and the Sun would | Double |
| If the distance between the Earth and Sun were to double (with the masses and sizes of both unchanged), the gravitational attraction between the Earth and the Sun would | Decrease by four times |
| Which planet is the hottest? | Venus |
| Which planet is farthest from the Sun? | Neptune |
| The thermal spectrum of an object at T=2000k is shown at right. If the temperature is raised to 2500 k... | the area under the curve increases and the peak shifts to the left |
| Which of the following parts of the electromagnetic spectrum has light with the highest energy | X-Rays |
| What time is it when the new moon is highest in the sky? | Noon |
| Betelgeuse is a red star, so it must be moving away from us. Rigel is a blue star, so it must be moving towards us (True or False) | False |
| If the Earth were upright with no tilt, would the temperature in Milwaukee in January be colder, warmer, or the same as it is currently during the month of January? | Warmer |
| Summer is warmer than winter because the Earth is closer to the Sun | False |
| What would the days and seasons be like if the Earth still rotated at the same speed, but the Earth's axis were tilted 80 degrees on its side insead of 23 degrees? | The days and seasons would be the same length as ours, but the seasons would have more extreme temperature changes |
| It's September 21 and you're in the capital Quito. At noon, how many degrees above the horizon is the Sun. | 90 |
| When is a good time to go sledding in New Zealand | July |
| Which of the following planets does NOT show retrograde motion | the Moon |
| A small asteroid collides with a planet. Which of the following is true | The asteroid and the planet exert the same forces on each other |
| The planet Hoth has the same radius as Earth, but 2 times the mass. If you weigh 100 pounds on Earth, how much do you weigh on Hoth? | 200 pounds |
| A newly discovered planet has the same mass as Earth, but only half the radius. If you weigh 100 pounds on Earth, how much do you weigh on this planet? | 400 pounds |
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