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Fear and __________ are two reasons why citizens refuse to cooperate with police investigations.
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How are effective communication and a positive relationship with the general public integral to good police work?
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Chapter 5
CJ Study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Fear and __________ are two reasons why citizens refuse to cooperate with police investigations. | past bad experiences |
| How are effective communication and a positive relationship with the general public integral to good police work? | Police depend on the public for information necessary to do their job. |
| What concept makes it difficult for police departments to ensure that their officers will follow departmental rules? | Discretion |
| Discretion is the act of ___________. | making wise choices in ambiguous situations about how or when to enforce the law |
| Contrast the term legitimate force with excessive force. | Legitimate force is the amount of force necessary to do the job of policing; excessive force violates departmental policies or constitutional rights by exceeding levels needed in a given situation. |
| In regard to the use of force in policing, research shows that __________. | police use force infrequently |
| What overarching concern incentivizes police departments to reduce the risk of excessive use of force? | Lawsuits by victims and families of victims |
| A branch of the police department that receives and investigates complaints against its officers is called ________. | Internal Affairs |
| How does the structure of the police department discourage officers from reporting inappropriate or dangerous actions by other officers? | Officers depend on one another for their personal safety, so are reluctant to jeopardize that trust by turning each other in. |
| How do internal affairs departments and civilian review boards differ? | a. Civilian review boards are comprised of non-sworn officers and internal affairs employee police assigned to this division. |
| What is the difference between reactive and proactive policing? | c. In reactive policing, police respond to requests; in proactive policing, police initiate actions without requests. |
| An approach to crime prevention that measures police productivity through frequent meetings among police supervisors, examination of crime statistics, and the development of immediate approaches and goals for problem solving and crime prevention is called | d. CompStat |
| What are the three elements that are required for direct-contact predatory crimes to occur? | c. Motivated offenders, suitable targets, and an absence of anyone to prevent the crime |
| The primary responsibility of officers on preventive patrol involves ________. | b. making their presence visible in an area |
| The two largest and most important units in most police forces are ________. | d. patrol and investigation |
| Stereotypes, cultural variations, and language differences __________. | b. complicate relationships between officers and community members |
| What characteristics of urban areas make policing more difficult? | b. Unique populations that require social service skills |
| Overseas offices of the FBI that coordinate with local law enforcement based on formal, negotiated agreements are called ________. | a. Legal Attachés. |
| The mission of the International Criminal Police Organization, also known as Interpol, is to __________. | facilitate international cooperation in investigating transnational criminal activities and security threats |
| How did the USA PATRIOT Act change the landscape of criminal prosecution in the United States? | b. It broadened the government's powers to conduct searches and wiretaps, and expanded the definitions of crimes involving terrorism. |
| How has the government's emphasis on counterterrorism affected the focus of local law enforcement agencies? | c. Local law enforcement agencies have been asked to handle crimes, such as bank robberies, that were previously investigated by the FBI. |
| How has the field of private security changed in the past several years? | d. The responsibilities of and demand for private-security employees has increased from prior levels. |
| Who is responsible for maintaining the security of vital sites such as nuclear power plants, oil refineries, and military sites here in the United States? | c. Private-sector security firms |
| Compare the department contract model and the union brokerage model of hiring police officers. | a. A private firm works with the department to hire off-duty officers in the department contract model; it works with the officer's union in the union brokerage model. |
| What concerns law enforcement and civil libertarians about the lower-level private security personnel often hired to guard vital US sites? | c. They are most likely to have interaction with the public but have little training and education. |
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