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Acids & Bases Vocab.
World of Chemistry (Zumdahl) Chapter 16
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Conjugate Acid | the substance formed when a proton is added to a base |
| Conjugate Base | the remaining substance when a proton is lost from an acid |
| Conjugate acid-base pair | two substances related to each other by the donating and accepting of a single proton |
| Hydronium Ion | H3O+ |
| Strong Acid | an acid that completely dissociates to produce H+ ions in a solution |
| Weak Acid | an acid that dissociates to a slight extent in aqueous solution |
| Diproctic Acid | an acid that can furnish two protons |
| Oxyacid | an acid in which the acidic proton is attached to an oxygen atom |
| Organic Acid | an acid with a carbon atom backbone and a carboxyl group |
| Amphoteric Substance | a substance that can behave either as an acid or as a base |
| pH scale | a convenient way to represent solution acidity Input in calculator: pH = -log [H+] |
| Indicators (acid-base) | a chemical that changes color depending on the pH of a solution |
| Indicator Paper | a strip of paper coated with a combination of acid-base indicators |
| pH meter | a device used to measure the pH of a solution |
| Neutralization Reaction | an acid-base reaction |
| Titration | a technique in which a solution of a known concentration is used to determine the concentration of another solution |
| Standard Solution | a solution in which the concentration is accurately known |
| Buret | a device used for the accurate measurement of the delivery of a given volume of a liquid or solution |
| Stoichiometric Point (equivalence point) | the point in a titration when enough titrant has been added to react exactly with the substance in a solution that is being titrated |
| Acids | a substance that produces hydrogen ions (H+) in an aqueous solution; a proton donor |
| Bases | a substance that produces hydroxide atoms (OH-) in solution; a substance that accepts a proton |
| Arrhenius concept of acids and bases | acids produce hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; bases produce hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution |
| Brønsted-Lowry Model | an acid is a proton (H+) donor and a base is a proton acceptor |
| Titration Curve (pH curve) | a plot of pH of solution versus volume of titrant added to a given solution |
| Buffered Solution | a solution that resists a change in pH when either an acid or a base are added |
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Stephanie02
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