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Statistic 4
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Any collection of results or outcomes of a procedure | Event |
An outcome or event that can not be further broken down into simpler components | Simple event |
A procedure consisting of all possible simple events | Sample space |
Relative frequency | Observation of the number of times that event A actually occurs. P(A)= number of times A occurred/number of times the procedure was repeated |
Relative frequency example | Free throws made/ attempts= next free throw |
Law of large numbers | Relative frequency: The more observations the better the probability of the outcome |
Classical approach to probability | Requires equally likely outcomes Assume that a given procedure has "n" different sample events and each of those simple events has an equal chance of occurring. P(A)= # of ways A occur/ # of diff. Simple events |
Classical approach of probability example | Dye roll: probability of getting a roll of 1? 1/6 chances of getting a 1. |
Complement | Event A, denoted by A (with a bar on top), consist of all outcomes in which event A doesn't occur |
Unlikely vs. Unusual | Unlikely: probability is very small (0.05 or less) Unusual: extreme outcomes |
Rare event rule | If given under the assumption, the probability of a particular observed event is extremely small, we can conclude that the assumption is not correct. |
Addition rule notation | P(A or B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A and B) "OR" addition Mutually exclusive/disjoint |
Inclusive vs. Exclusive | Inclusive: one or the other or both Exclusive: one or the other but not both |
Compound events | Any event combining two or more simple events |
Disjoint/Mutually Exclusive | Events A and B Cannot occur at the same time. P(A or B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A and B) |
Multiplication rule | P(A and B)=P(A)P(B) "AND" multiplication |
Independent | Two events A and B are independent if the occurrence of the one does not effect the other (with replacement) |