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Chapter 1 & 2
POLS 2010
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An institution can be defined as any | organization or activity that is self-perpetuating and valued for its own sake |
| Politics is defined in the text as the | struggle in any group for the power to make decisions for the larger group |
| What is deductive reasoning? | the means by which we go from a hypothesis to studying evidence |
| What is inductive reasoning? | the means by which we go from studying a case to generating a hypothesis |
| An example of selection bias? | studying causes for the emergence of democracy by looking only at case studies where democracy emerged |
| Endogeneity refers to | the problem of distinguishing cause from effect |
| Which of the following statements about the current institutional approach to comparative politics is accurate? | it shares an emphasis on the importance of institutions with pre-1950s comparative politics research |
| A true comparative approach to politics only emerges with the work of | Machiavelli |
| A major criticism of comparative politics at the turn of the twentieth century was that it | was descriptive rather than explanatory |
| Modernization theory can be defined as the view that | as societies develop, they will become capitalist democracies |
| In which of the following ways were behaviorialism and modernization theory similar? | they both constituted new, more scientific attempts to study politics |
| Critics of the behavioral revolution accused it of which of the following? | It had come to emphasize methodology over knowledge |
| One big rift within the study of comparative politics is | quantitative versus qualitative research |
| Which of the following statements about game theory is accurate? | it assumes rational, predictable behavior by individual human beings |
| Recent discussions of the future of comparative politics and political science have called for | a greater connection to real-world concerns and contributions to the ideals of civic life |
| A greater focus on individual freedom is most likely to require | a smaller state |
| A greater focus on collective equality is associated with | greater government control and private economic assets |
| In which of the following ways can multicausality affect comparative politics research? | it complicates the comparative method and makes it more difficult to develop concrete explanations about real-world phenomena |
| Which of the following is true of the work of most comparativists? | When they expand study outside of a single country, they tend to limit their focus to a single geographic region |
| Political scientists, based on the work of Max Weber, define the state as | an organization that maintains a monopoly of violence over a territory |
| Sovereignty is defined as the ability of | states to carry out actions or policies within a territory independent of external actors of internal rivals |
| What phenomenon is most responsible for bringing the organization of the modern state into adoption by most of the world? | imposition by European states through colonial dominace |
| Which of the following can be said about the concept of a regime? | The differences between regimes are most likely to be unwritten and informal, though they can appear in written consitutions |
| Which of the following might be a characteristic of a state with low autonomy? | a limited ability to disobey the public |
| The shorthand term for the combination of regime, state, and government is: | country |
| Which of the following can be said about the relationships among states, regimes, and governments? | States are more institutionalized than governments |
| Asymmetric federalism refers to a system in which power is divided unevenly between: | regional bodies |
| Recent research suggests that the rise of political organizations came about in large part because: | pre-state societies were extremely violent |
| The emergence of the modern state is closely tied to which of the following specific developments? | the collapse of the Roman Empire |
| An institution that is recognized and accepted as right and proper by the public is seen as: | legitimate |
| Which of the following lists Max Weber's three forms of political legitimacy? | traditional, charismatic, and rational-legal |
| Which of the following statements about the development and spread of the modern state is accurate? | China's inability to forge a powerful state structure before Europe led to its marginalization in world affairs for over a thousand years |
| The text suggests that the difficulty of amending the U.S. Constitution is evidence of the power of: | traditional legitimacy |
| Which of the following characteristics is more likely to be seen in a unitary state than in a federalist state? | limited local policymaking |
| Capacity can be define as the: | ability of the state to wield power in order to carry out the basic tasks of providing security and reconciling freedom and equality |
| Devolution is a process by which states: | move power from the central state to local levels. |
| Which of the following statements about Pakistan's slide toward state failure is accurate? | Pakistan's lack of a central government at the time of formation may have contributed to its continued weakness |
| The United States is a good example of a state with: | high capacity but low autonomy |
| Autonomy can be defined as the ability of the state to: | wield power independent of the public or international actors |
| In case study research, one problem that can emerge is the choosing of only cases that match the expected results of the research question, or what is known as: | selection bias |
| Which of the following could be considered a major challenge faced by political scientists in their use of the comparative method? | the difficulty in controlling variables |
| The shift in comparative politics away from political institutions (such as legislatures and constitutions) and toward individual political behavior is known as the: | behavioral revolution |
| The substance of politics is inevitably bound up in the struggle between: | individual freedom and collective equality |
| Which of the following forms of research or data would more likely be used by a quantitative research study than by a qualitative research study? | economic data |
| Best describes the current trend in comparative politics research? | There is hopeful talk of moving away from models that describe politics, but much research in comparative politics remains descriptive and focused on a single country. |
| In which of the following ways does quantitative research differ from qualitative research? | It favors a wider use of cases not restricted by area specialization |
| In which of the following ways did behavioralism differ from modernization theory? | It was more of a method than a general hypothesis |
| Government can be defined as: | the leadership that runs the state |
| In which of the following ways does a government built primarily on charismatic legitimacy differ from one based on traditional legitimacy? | Charismatic legitimacy would likely be much shorter-lived |
| An endogenous explanation of early urbanization and state building would suggest that: | early forms of political institutions developed simultaneously with early communities |
Created by:
eadsh15