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Meiosis QUIZ
Meiosis Biology quiz on Friday
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| an asexual form of reproduction | mitosis |
| reproduction in which cells are produced from one parent only | asexual |
| how do daughter cells look compared to their parent cell | identical |
| phase in which the following events happens: chromatin shorten and thicken into visible chromosomes; nuclear membrane and nucleoli dissolves; spindle fibers form; centrioles move towards opposite poles | prophase |
| phase in which the following event happens: chromosomes line p at the equator or middle of the celL | metaphase |
| phase in which the following event happens: chromosomes split apart and migrate to the poles | anaphase |
| phase in which the following events happens: chromosomes uncoil to chromatin; nuclear membrane forms; spindle fibers disappears; and cytokinesis begins | telephase |
| formation of sex cells, process in which haploid cells are created from diploid cells | meiosis |
| cells that have 2 sets of chromosomes or chromosome pairs | diploid |
| cells that have only 1 set of chromosomes, no pairs | haploid |
| matching pairs of chromosomes | homologous |
| what are the two type of sex cells | egg and sperm |
| diploid=_____________=_______________=________________ | 2N; body cells; somatic cells |
| haploid=____________=_______________=________________ | N; sex cells; gamates |
| fusion of sperm and egg to form zygote | fertilization |
| a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes | zygote |
| why is meiosis extremely important | it increases genetic variation in organisms |
| cells produced in mitosis? meiosis? | body cells (somatic cells); sex cells (gametes) |
| chromosome number in mitosis? meiosis? | same as parent cell, diploid 2N; half the number as the parent cell, haploid N |
| number of divisions in mitosis? meiosis? | 1; 2 |
| number of cells produced in mitosis? meiosis? | 2; 4 |
| what happens in the first stage of meiosis | homologous chromosomes separate and then the pairs of chromosomes line up along the equator and are separated- this cuts the chromosomes number in half |
| what happens in the second stage of meiosis | chromatid pairs separate |
| When does DNA replication take place? Does this happen during, before or after meiosis? | interphase; before |
| what happens in interphase? | the cell replicates each chromosome to form 2 chromatid |
| what are the two divisions of meiosis known as? | meiosis I and meiosis II |
| what happens in prophase I of meiosis I? | chromatin condenses into discrete chromosomes |
| centrosomes (centrioles) migrate to __________________ during prophase I. | opposite poles of cell |
| pairing of homologous chromosomes is called what | synapsis |
| crossing over points are called what that indicate exchange in genetic material | chiasmata |
| what happens in metaphase I? | homologous chromosomes have lined up on the equilateral plate in pair-wise fashion, with one homolog on either side of the plate |
| what happens during anaphase I? | Chromosomes from each pair move form opposite poles of the cell. The centromeres of the chromosomes do not divide so each chromosomes still consists of two sister chromatid (these might now not be identical due to crossing over) |
| what is interkinesis? | period of rest when envelopes are visible again and no replications occur |
| in porphase II, each cell is [diploid or haploid] (choose one) | haploid |
| in metaphase II, chromosomes line up in [single/double] file. | single |
| what happens during telephase II? | nuclear membranes reform, cytokinesis may occur |
| each of the four daughter cells produced by meiosis is [identical/unique]. | identical |
| with respect to meiosis, when does replication of DNA occur? | before meiosis I only |
| when does crossing over occur | prophase I |
| during which phase do chromosomes line up along the equator | metaphase II |
| during which phase does nuclear membrane around the chromosomes? | telophase II |
| two cell divisions [meiosis or mitosis] | meiosis |
| centrioles appear [meiosis or mitosis] | both |
| spindle fibers form [meiosis or mitosis] | both |
| chromosomes pair up [meiosis or mitosis] | both |
| one cell division [meiosis or mitosis] | mitosis |
| cytokines [meiosis or mitosis] | both |
| four daughter cells | meiosis |
| an exact copy of another organism | clone |
| name two types of gametes produced by meiosis | egg (female) and sperm (male) |
| what types of cells are gamates | haploid |
| meiosis causes a change in the genetic information of the cells to increase ____________ in offspring. | diversity |
| what is the diploid number for human cells | 2N=46 |
| egg and sperm cells are [haploid/diploid] | haploid |
| the male sex chromosomes are represented by __________ and the female sex chromosomes are represented by _________. | XY; XX |
| in which stage does the following occur: homologous chromosomes pair and for synapsis | prophase I |
| two compete daughter cells form | cytokinesis |
| nuclear membrane disappears | prometaphase I |
| nuclear membrane forms | telophase I |
| chromosomes move to opposite poles | anaphase I |
| name the two errors that could occur during meiosis | Nondisjunction (homologues don't separate in meiosis I) or translocation and deletion (transfer a piece of one chromosomes to another or loss of fragment of a chromosomes) |
| homologues don't separate in meiosis I | Nondisjunction |
| transfer a piece of one chromosomes to another or loss of fragment of a chromosomes | translocation and deletion |
| Male forms 4 __________ cells | Sperm |
| Female forms 1 __________ and 3 _________ _______. | Egg; polar bodies |
| Don't function and dissolve in the women's body | Polar bodies |
| Exchange if generic information by non-sister chromatids during meiosis | Crossing over |
| Failure of chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis | Nondisjuntion |
| Inherits an extra chromosomes (Down's syndrome) | Trisomy |
| Is missing a chromosome (turners syndrome) | Monosomy |
| Another name for egg | Ovum |
Created by:
pokemongo