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AP STAT
Chapter 10, 11, 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How should we generate random numbers? | Published tables Random digits on the internet |
| What is simple random samples? (SRS) | A sample random sample of sample size is a sample n in which each set of n elements in the population has an equal chance of selection. |
| What is stratified sampling? | Sampling design in which the population is divided into several sub-population, may yield more constant results than SRS |
| What is cluster sampling? | Sampling design in which entire groups (clusters) are chosen at random. Usually a matter of convenience or cost. They are heterogeneous and should be representative of population. |
| What is multistage sampling? | Sampling scheme that combines several sampling methods. |
| What is systematic sampling? | Sample drawn by selecting individuals systematically from a sampling frame. |
| What is convenience sampling? | Consist of individuals can choose on their own whether to participate in the sample, often fail to be representative because every individual in the population is not equally convenient to sample. |
| The fraction of the population that you've sampled doesn't matter is the _____ _______ that matters. | sample size |
| List four bad sampling methods | 1. Sample volunteers 2. Sample conveniently 3. Bad sampling frame usage 4. Under coverage |
| What is non response bias? | Bias introduced when a large fraction of those sampled fails to respond and those who respond are likely to not represent the entire population. |
| What is response bias? | Anything in a survey design that influences responses falls under the heading of response bias. |
| What is retrospective bias? | An observational study in which subjects are selected and then their previous conditions or behaviors are determined. |
| What is prospective bias? | An observational study in which subjects are followed to observe future outcomes. |
| What are the characteristics of randomized comparative experiments? | Random assignment, factor (at least one expleanatory variable, to manipulate at least one response variable), subjects (ppl being studied), treatment (combination of specific levels) |
| What is control? 4 principles of experimental design | Aspects of the experiment that we know may have an effect on the response but that are not the factors being studied. |
| What is randomize? 4 principles of experimental design | Subjects to treatments to even out effects that we cannot control. |
| What is replicate? 4 principles of experimental design | Over as many subjects as possible. Results form single subject are just anecdotes. Results from entire study with different to group, preferably from a different part of the population. |
| What is block? 4 principles of experimental design | Reduce effects of identifiable attributes of the subjects that cannot be controlled. |
Created by:
jcore
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